Hybrid solid-state cell with a 3D porous cathode structure

An electrochemical cell comprising:

• a cathode;
• an anode;
• an electrolyte separator, the electrolyte separator comprising a ceramic material and located between the cathode and the anode;
• and
• an anode current collector, the anode being located between the anode current collector and the electrolyte separator;
• and
• wherein the anode comprises a three dimensional (3D) porous anode structure including:
• ionically conducting electrolyte strands extending through the anode from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator,
• pores extending through the anode from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator, and
• an electronically conducting network extending on sidewall surfaces of the pores from the anode current collector to the electrolyte separator;
• wherein sidewalls of each pore extend from the anode current collector into the anode to form a channel between the anode current collector and the electrolyte separator;
• wherein the cathode is a solid or semi-solid cathode comprising a cathode active material, an electrolyte for the charge transfer ion, and an electron conducting material;
• and
• wherein the solid or semi-solid cathode is inserted into a cathode receptive space of the electrochemical cell, and wherein the cathode is configured to precisely fit into the cathode receptive space.