Hydrogen generation system and regulator therefor

A passive dual modulating regulator with relative differential venting (“regulator”) comprising:

• a housing including:
• a first housing section defining a first hydrogen chamber, a second hydrogen chamber, and a third hydrogen chamber;
• and
• a second housing section defining a first oxygen chamber, a second oxygen chamber and an oxygen vent port, and a third oxygen chamber;
• a first piston slidably engaged with, and extending between, the first hydrogen chamber and the first oxygen chamber;
• a second piston slidably engaged with, and extending between, the second hydrogen chamber and the second oxygen chamber;
• a third piston slidably engaged with, and extending between, the third hydrogen chamber and the third oxygen chamber;
• a hydrogen line in fluid communication with a hydrogen inlet port, the first hydrogen chamber, the second hydrogen chamber, and the third hydrogen chamber;
• an oxygen line in fluid communication with an oxygen inlet port, the first oxygen chamber, the second oxygen chamber, and the third oxygen chamber;
• wherein:
• the first piston includes a first valve pin in alignment with a hydrogen output valve seat in the first hydrogen chamber and includes a second valve pin, opposite the first valve pin, in alignment with an oxygen outlet valve seat in the first oxygen chamber, wherein a pressure differential between the first hydrogen chamber and the first oxygen chamber causes the first piston to move towards a chamber of lesser pressure, such that the first piston restricts and then seals a hydrogen outlet port or an oxygen outlet port to equalize pressure between the first hydrogen chamber and the first oxygen chamber;
• the second piston includes a third valve pin seated in an oxygen vent valve seat in the second oxygen chamber, wherein a first biasing element in the second hydrogen chamber biases the third valve pin into the oxygen vent valve seat, wherein a threshold pressure differential between the second hydrogen chamber and the second oxygen chamber due to excess pressure in the second oxygen chamber causes the second piston to overcome the first biasing element and move toward a region of lesser pressure in the second hydrogen chamber to remove the third valve pin from the oxygen vent valve seat to release oxygen through the oxygen vent port;
• and
• the third piston includes a fourth valve pin seated in a hydrogen vent valve seat in the third hydrogen chamber, wherein a second biasing element in the third oxygen chamber biases the fourth valve pin into the hydrogen vent valve seat, wherein a threshold pressure differential between the third hydrogen chamber and the third oxygen chamber due to excess pressure in the third hydrogen chamber causes the third piston to overcome the second biasing element and move toward a region of lesser pressure in the third oxygen chamber to remove the fourth valve pin from the hydrogen vent valve seat to release hydrogen through a hydrogen vent port.