Thermally insulating aerogel vacuum composite panel and preparation method thereof

A preparation method of a thermally insulating aerogel vacuum composite panel, comprising the following steps:

• (1) mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) solution having a mass concentration of 20-50% and a metal particle by a weight ratio of 100:(20-40), adding a hydrophobic agent having a mass concentration of 0.1-3%, mixing, and adding ammonium trifluoroacetate solution having a mass concentration of 0.1-5% dropwise until completely gelating to obtain a metal aerogel precursor, wherein a weight ratio of the TEOS solution to the hydrophobic agent is 100:(1-30);
• (2) adding the metal aerogel precursor into an acid replacement solution with a mass concentration of 3-10% for replacement to obtain a gel, with a replacement temperature of 30-60° C. and a replacement time of 1-24 h;
• (3) washing the gel obtained in step (2) with deionized water to obtain a neutral gel;
• (4) soaking the neutral gel obtained in step (3) in a first organic resin solvent having a mass concentration of 0.1-5% for 4-8 h;
• (5) homogenizing the gel obtained in step (4), pouring into a substrate with honeycomb structure, and aging for 4-8 h to obtain a modified panel;
• (6) drying the modified panel obtained in step (5) to obtain a honeycomb panel;
• and
• (7) aging the honeycomb panel obtained in step (6) at room temperature for 1-24 h under an absolute vacuum of 0.01-0.05 MPa;
• wherein the modified panel obtained in step (5) is soaked in a second organic resin solvent having a mass concentration of 10-60%, replaced for 12-72 h, and dried;
• wherein the modified panel obtained after replacing is sprayed with the deionized water until a white film appears on a surface of the modified panel to obtain a white surface modified panel.