Compound, liquid crystal composition, and liquid crystal display element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication device, and antenna using liquid crystal composition

A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound represented by general formula (i):

• in general formula (i),
• Ri1 represents an alkynyl group represented by formula (Ri1-A):
• in general formula (Ri1-A), Ri1A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms,
• at least one —CH2— in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with —O—, —S—, —CO—, and/or —CS—,
• at least one —CH2—CH2— in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, and/or —C≡C—,
• at least one —CH2—CH2—CH2— in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with —O—CO—O—, and
• at least one hydrogen atom in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with a halogen atom,
• where oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and
• black dot represents a bond with Ai1,
• Ai1 represents a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (b), (c), and (d):
• (b) a 1,4-phenylene group, wherein one —CH═ or two or more —CH═'s in this group are optionally substituted with —N═,
• (c) a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl group, a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,4-diyl group, a decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, an anthracene-2,6-diyl group, an anthracene-1,4-diyl group, an anthracene-9,10-diyl group, a phenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, wherein one —CH═ or two or more —CH═'s in the naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,4-diyl group, anthracene-2,6-diyl group, anthracene-1,4-diyl group, anthracene-9,10-diyl group, or phenanthrene-2,7-diyl group are optionally substituted with —N═, and
• (d) a thiophene-2,5-diyl group, a benzothiophene-2,5-diyl group, a benzothiophene-2,6-diyl group, a dibenzothiophene-3,7-diyl group, a dibenzothiophene-2,6-diyl group, a thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl group, a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl group, wherein one —CH═ or two or more non-adjacent —CH═'s in this group are optionally substituted with —N═,
• Ai2 and Ai3 each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (a), (b), (c), and (d):
• (a) a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, wherein one —CH2— or two or more non-adjacent —CH2—'s in this group are optionally substituted with —O— and/or —S—,
• (b) a 1,4-phenylene group, wherein one —CH═ or two or more —CH═'s in this group are optionally substituted with —N═,
• (c) a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl group, a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,4-diyl group, a decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, an anthracene-2,6-diyl group, an anthracene-1,4-diyl group, an anthracene-9,10-diyl group, a phenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, wherein one —CH═ or two or more —CH═'s in the naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,4-diyl group, anthracene-2,6-diyl group, anthracene-1,4-diyl group, anthracene-9,10-diyl group, or phenanthrene-2,7-diyl group are optionally substituted with —N═, and
• (d) a thiophene-2,5-diyl group, a benzothiophene-2,5-diyl group, a benzothiophene-2,6-diyl group, a dibenzothiophene-3,7-diyl group, a dibenzothiophene-2,6-diyl group, a thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl group, a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl group, wherein one —CH═ or two or more non-adjacent —CH═'s in this group are optionally substituted with —N═,
• wherein
• at least one hydrogen atom in Ai1, Ai2, and Ai3 is optionally substituted with a substituent Si1,
• the substituent Si1 represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a pentafluorosulfanyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an isocyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a methylamino group, a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a diisopropylamino group, a trimethylsilyl group, a dimethylsilyl group, a thioisocyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,
• at least one —CH2— in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with —O—, —S—, and/or —CO—,
• at least one —CH2—CH2— in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —C≡C—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CO—S—, —S—CO—, —CO—NH—, and/or —NH—CO—,
• at least one —CH2—CH2—CH2— in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with —O—CO—O—, and
• at least one hydrogen atom in the alkyl group is optionally substituted with a halogen atom,
• where oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other,
• a plurality of substituents Si1, if present, are optionally the same or different, and
• Zi1 and Zi2 each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein
• at least one —CH2— in the alkylene group is optionally substituted with —O—, —CF2—, and/or —CO—, and
• at least one —CH2—CH2— in the alkylene group is optionally substituted with —CH2—CH(CH3)—, —CH(CH3)—CH2—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —CH═C(CH3)—, —C(CH3)═CH—, —CH═N—, —N═CH—, —N═N—, —C≡C—, —CO—O—, and/or —O—CO—,
• where oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and
• ni1 represents an integer of 1.