Carbazole-based anion exchange material, preparation method therefor, and use thereof

A method for preparing a polycarbazole-based anion exchange material, comprising:

• preparing a mixture of a halogen-containing carbazole-based monomer and a chain extending carbazole-based comonomer having at least two carbazole groups in a molecule structure;
• carrying out a polymerization reaction of the mixture using a superacid catalyst to produce a polycarbazole-based polymer comprising a halogen-containing chain extender having a chemical structure of the following Formula 1 in which all bonds between monomers in a main chain are C—C bonds;
• and
• introducing an anion exchange group through quaternization of the polycarbazole-based polymer comprising the halogen-containing chain extender:
• in the Formula 1, each of the R1˜the R5 substituents is independently an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group;
• or
• an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group, a cyano group, a perfluoroalkyl group with a fluorine atom;
• or
• a perfluoroalkyl group, a perfluoroaryl group, an —O— perfluoroaryl group optionally with at least one oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom in its chain;
• or
• an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group with at least one anion exchange group;
• or
• an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group, a cyano group, a perfluoroalkyl group, and an —O— perfluoroaryl group with a fluorine atom and with at least one anion exchange group, and the substituents are identical or different in each repeating unit or for each repeating unit,
• each anion exchange group is independently at least one anion exchange functional group selected from an amine group, an ammonium group, an amino group, an imine group, a sulfonium group, a phosphonium group, a pyridyl group, a carbazolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a guanidinium group, a ruthenium group, a cobaltocenium group and a piperidinium group or a basic anion exchange functional group thereof,
• each of the X1˜the X5 is independently a hydrogen atom or any one of halogen atoms, chloride (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I), wherein at least one of the X1 or the X3 is a halogen atom,
• Z is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group;
• or
• an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group, a cyano group, a perfluoroalkyl group with a fluorine atom;
• or
• a perfluoroalkyl group, a perfluoroaryl group, an —O— perfluoroaryl group optionally with at least one oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom in its chain;
• or
• an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group with at least one anion exchange group;
• or
• an alkyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group, a cyano group, a perfluoroalkyl group, and an —O— perfluoroaryl group with a fluorine atom and with at least one anion exchange group, and
• a number of repeating units, l, m and n, is an integer of 100,000 or smaller, and the l and the m can be 0 and satisfy a condition, 1<(l+m)/n<1,000.