Spatial frequency domain imaging system and method

A spatial frequency domain imaging, SFDI, system comprising:

• a sheet having a contact surface for contacting a medium to be imaged, the sheet comprising:
• an array of lighting elements configured to generate a controllable illumination light pattern emanating from the contact surface for illuminating the medium contacted by the sheet, and
• an array of sensor elements configured to measure a spatially resolved image of a resulting light pattern reflected back to the contact surface after interaction of the illumination light pattern with the medium;
• and
• a controller configured to:
• control the lighting elements to generate a set of different illumination light patterns, wherein each of the different illumination light patterns is spatially modulated in light intensity along the contact surface according to a respective different spatial frequency,
• determine, based on measurements by the sensor elements, a set of spatially modulated images representing the resulting light patterns caused by the different illumination light patterns having respective different spatial frequency, and
• generate an image of the medium based on a combination of the spatially modulated images.