Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric conversion device including the photoelectric conversion element

A photoelectric conversion element comprising:

• a first layer containing a perovskite compound between an anode and a cathode;
• and a second layer between the cathode and the first layer,
• wherein the second layer contains at least one of the structures represented by formula (U1) presented below and the structures represented by formula (U2) presented below;
• wherein
• in formulas (U1) and (U2), R1 and R3 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 10 atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• R2 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 10 atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• the substituent of the substituted alkylene group is an alkyl group, an aryl group, a hydroxy group, or a halogen atom;
• the substituent of the substituted phenylene group is a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted alkyl group;
• R9 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;
• A1 represents any one of the groups represented by formulas (A-1) to (A-6) presented below;
• B1 represents a group represented by any one of formulas (B-1) to (B-3) presented below;
• D1 represents a group represented by formula (D) presented below and whose main chain has 5 to 15 atoms;
• E1 represents a divalent group represented by any one of formulas (E-1) to (E-3) presented below;
• in formula (A-5), R10 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;
• in formulas (B-1) to (B-3), R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, an alkylene group which is substituted by an alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms and whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, a benzyl-substituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, alkoxycarbonyl-substituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, or a phenyl-substituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms;
• one of the carbon atoms of the main chain of the alkylene group may be replaced with O, S, NH, or NR15, wherein R15 is an alkyl group;
• R2 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 10 atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• the substituent of the substituted alkylene group is an alkyl group, an aryl group, a hydroxy group, or a halogen atom;
• the substituent of the substituted phenylene group is a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted alkyl group;
• R12 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;
• Ar2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• the substituent of the substituted phenylene group is a halogen atom, a nitro group, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, or a halogenated alkyl group;
• A1 and A2 represent any one of the groups represented by formulas (A-1) to (A-6) presented above;
• E1 represents a divalent group represented by any one of formulas (E-1) to (E-3) presented below;
• o, p, and q are each independently 0 or 1, and the sum of o, p, and q is 1 to 3;
• arrows point to the side bound to R3;
• in formula (D), R4, R5, R6, and R7 each independently represent an alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, an alkylene group which is substituted by an alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms and whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, a benzyl-substituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl-substituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms, or a phenyl-substituted alkylene group whose main chain has 1 to 5 atoms;
• one of the carbon atoms of the main chain of the alkylene group may be replaced with O, S, NH, or NR15, wherein R15 is an alkyl group;
• Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group;
• the substituent of the substituted phenylene group is a halogen atom, a nitro group, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, or a halogenated alkyl group;
• A2 represents a group represented by any one of formulas (A-1) to (A-6) presented above;
• I, m, n, o, p, and q are each independently 0 or 1, and the sum of I, m, and n and the sum of o, p, and q are 1 to 3;
• in formulas (E-1) to (E-3), R101 to R106, R201 to R210, and R301 to R304 each independently represent a single bond, a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a dialkylamino group, a hydroxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group;
• two of R101 to R106, two of R201 to R210, and two of R301 to R304 are single bonds;
• the substituent of the substituted alkyl group is an alkyl group, an aryl group, a halogen atom, or a carbonyl group;
• and
• the substituent of the substituted aryl group or the substituted heterocyclic group is a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, a halogen-substituted alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a carbonyl group.