Aqueous primer compositions and methods thereof

An aqueous primer composition comprising:

• a first thermosetting resin that is a particulate solid at ambient conditions;
• a second thermosetting resin that is liquid at ambient conditions and acting as a reactive coalescent agent in which the first thermosetting resin is at least partially soluble;
• and
• a curative that is substantially water-insoluble and reactive with the first and second thermosetting resins,
• a surfactant,
• wherein the aqueous primer composition contains up to 4 percent of volatile solvents, other than water, relative to the overall weight of the aqueous primer composition,
• wherein the aqueous primer composition is a dispersion in water,
• wherein the first thermosetting resin is present in an amount of from 20 percent to 70 percent by weight, relative to the overall weight of the aqueous primer composition excluding volatile solvents,
• wherein the second thermosetting resin is present in an amount of from 5 percent to 40 percent by weight, relative to the overall weight of the aqueous primer composition excluding volatile solvents.