Method for the computer-aided execution of a technical process in processing units, computing environment, and storage medium

A method for a computer-aided execution of a technical process, which comprises the steps of:

• a) executing application programs redundantly in a redundancy group containing a plurality N of computing entities and thereby calculate a plurality N of redundant results;
• b) carrying out a comparison of a plurality N of messages containing the redundant results in a voting;
• c) using a majority of messages for further execution of the technical process in an event that the majority of the messages contain identical results;
• d) forming processing units from a plurality N of the redundancy groups each having the plurality N of computing entities, a plurality of different said computing entities is combined in each of the processing units, wherein none of the processing units contains a plurality of said computing entities from one and a same said redundancy group;
• e) comparing a respectively generated plurality N of redundant messages in the voting if the redundant messages are to be sent as external messages to the computing entities, which do not belong to the processing units, in which the redundant messages were generated;
• f) carrying out no voting for the redundant messages that are exchanged as internal messages between the computing entities within a processing unit;
• g.1) operating a plurality of N the processing units in work cycles;
• g.2) transferring, at a beginning of each work cycle, messages required for the work cycle and addressed to the computing entities of the processing unit concerned to the processing unit;
• h) subsequently processing all the messages required for an execution of the application programs by the computing entities in the plurality N of processing units in identical order, wherein new redundant messages are generated;
• and
• i) comparing the new redundant messages with each other in the steps b), c), d) and e).