US 12,442,886 B2 · Apparatus and method for determining a 3D directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device

A method for determining a 3-dimensional (3D) directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device, the receiving device comprising a first antenna array and at least a second antenna array, wherein the first and the second antenna array each comprises a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations, the method comprising:

receiving, with the first antenna array and the second antenna array, a signal sent from the sending device;
sampling, based on the received signal, outputs of each antenna element of each of the first and the second antenna array at a plurality of time instants;
determining, for each antenna array of the first and the second antenna arrays, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition (PDDA) pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA (1D-PDDA) based on the sampled outputs of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array;
determining a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum;
determining an angular quantity (Ψ) for each of the first and the second antenna array based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, wherein the angular quantity (Ψ) depends on an azimuthal angle (φ) and a polar angle (θ);
and
determining the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each of the first and the second antenna arrays and on the orientations of the first and the second antenna arrays, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises determining a unit directional vector ({right arrow over (δ)}), wherein δi, βj and δk are components of {right arrow over (δ)}, {right arrow over (δ)} is represented by the azimuthal angle (φ) and the polar angle (θ) as:
δ
→
=
[
δ
i
δ
j
δ
k
]
=
[
cos
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
sin
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
cos
⁢
θ
]
.

32 more elements

A method for determining a 3-dimensional (3D) directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device, the sending device comprising a first antenna array and at least a second antenna array, wherein the first and the second antenna array each comprises a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations, the method comprising:

receiving, at the receiving device, a signal sent from the sending device, the signal being sent with each antenna element of the first antenna array and the second antenna array separately in a timed sequence;
generating signal samples for each antenna element of each of the first and the second antenna arrays by sampling the received signal at a plurality of time instants associated with the timed sequence;
determining, for each antenna array of the first and the second antenna arrays, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition (PDDA) pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA (1D-PDDA) based on the signal samples of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array;
determining a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum;
determining an angular quantity (Ψ) for each of the first and the second antenna arrays based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, wherein the angular quantity (Ψ) depends on an azimuthal angle (φ) and a polar angle (θ);
and
determining the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each of the first and the second antenna arrays and on the orientations of the first and the second antenna arrays, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises determining a unit directional vector {right arrow over (δ)}, wherein δi, δj and δk are components of {right arrow over (δ)}, {right arrow over (δ)} is represented by the azimuthal angle (φ) and the polar angle (θ) as:
δ
→
=
[
δ
i
δ
j
δ
k
]
=
[
cos
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
sin
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
cos
⁢
θ
]
.

32 more elements

An apparatus for determining a 3-dimensional (3D) directional vector between a sending device and an antenna arrangement, the antenna arrangement comprising a first antenna array and at least a second antenna array, wherein the first and the second antenna array each comprises a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations, the apparatus comprising:

a receiver connectable to the antenna arrangement and configured to sample, based on a signal received with the antenna arrangement from the sending device, outputs of each antenna element of each of the first and the second antenna arrays at a plurality of time instants;
and
a processing unit configured to:
determine, for each antenna array of the first and the second antenna arrays, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition (PDDA) pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA (1D-PDDA) based on the sampled outputs of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array;
determine a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum;
determine an angular quantity (Ψ) for each of the first and the second antenna arrays based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, wherein the angular quantity (Ψ) depends on an azimuthal angle (φ) and a polar angle (θ);
and
determine the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each of the first and the second antenna arrays and on the orientations of the first and the second antenna arrays, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises determining a unit directional vector {right arrow over (δ)}, wherein δi, δj and δk are components of {right arrow over (δ)}, {right arrow over (δ)} is represented by the azimuthal angle (φ) and the polar angle (θ) as:
δ
→
=
[
δ
i
δ
j
δ
k
]
=
[
cos
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
sin
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
cos
⁢
θ
]
.

33 more elements

An apparatus for determining a 3-dimensional (3D) directional vector between a receiving device and an antenna arrangement, the antenna arrangement being coupled to a sending device and comprising a first antenna array and at least a second antenna array, wherein the first and the second antenna array each comprises a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations, the apparatus comprising:

a receiver configured to:
receive a signal sent from the sending device, the signal being sent with each antenna element of the first antenna array and the second antenna array separately in a timed sequence;
and
generate signal samples for each antenna element of each of the first and the second antenna arrays by sampling the received signal at a plurality of time instants associated with the timed sequence;
and
a processing unit configured to:
determine, for each antenna array of the first and the second antenna array, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition (PDDA) pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA (1D-PDDA) based on the signal samples of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array;
determine a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum;
determine an angular quantity (Ψ) for each of the first and the second antenna arrays based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, wherein the angular quantity (Ψ) depends on an azimuthal angle (φ) and a polar angle (θ);
and
determine the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each of the first and the second antenna arrays and on the orientations of the first and the second antenna arrays, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises determining a unit directional vector {right arrow over (δ)}, wherein δi, δj and δk are components of {right arrow over (δ)}, {right arrow over (δ)} is represented by the azimuthal angle (φ) and the polar angle (θ) as:
δ
→
=
[
δ
i
δ
j
δ
k
]
=
[
cos
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
sin
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
cos
⁢
θ
]
.

36 more elements

At least one non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising machine-readable instructions that, when executed by at least one computing device, cause the at least one computing device to determine a 3-dimensional (3D) directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device, the receiving device comprising a first antenna array and at least a second antenna array, wherein the first and the second antenna array each comprises a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises:

receiving, with the first antenna array and the second antenna array, a signal sent from the sending device;
sampling, based on the received signal, outputs of each antenna element of each of the first and the second antenna array at a plurality of time instants;
determining, for each antenna array of the first and the second antenna arrays, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition (PDDA) pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA (1D-PDDA) based on the sampled outputs of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array;
determining a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum;
determining an angular quantity (Ψ) for each of the first and the second antenna array based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, wherein the angular quantity (Ψ) depends on an azimuthal angle (φ) and a polar angle (θ);
and
determining the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each of the first and the second antenna arrays and on the orientations of the first and the second antenna arrays, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises determining a unit directional vector ({right arrow over (δ)}), wherein δi, δj and δk are components of {right arrow over (δ)}, {right arrow over (δ)} is represented by the azimuthal angle (φ) and the polar angle (θ) as:
δ
→
=
[
δ
i
δ
j
δ
k
]
=
[
cos
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
sin
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
cos
⁢
θ
]
.

32 more elements

At least one non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising machine-readable instructions that, when executed by at least one computing device, cause the at least one computing device to determine a 3-dimensional (3D) directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device, the receiving device comprising a first antenna array and at least a second antenna array, wherein the first and the second antenna array each comprises a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises:

receiving, at the receiving device, a signal sent from the sending device, the signal being sent with each antenna element of the first antenna array and the second antenna array separately in a timed sequence;
generating signal samples for each antenna element of each of the first and the second antenna arrays by sampling the received signal at a plurality of time instants associated with the timed sequence;
determining, for each antenna array of the first and the second antenna arrays, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition (PDDA) pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA (1D-PDDA) based on the signal samples of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array;
determining a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum;
determining an angular quantity (Ψ) for each of the first and the second antenna arrays based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, wherein the angular quantity (Ψ) depends on an azimuthal angle (φ) and a polar angle (θ);
and
determining the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each of the first and the second antenna arrays and on the orientations of the first and the second antenna arrays, wherein determining the 3D directional vector comprises determining a unit directional vector {right arrow over (δ)}, wherein δi, δj and δk are components of {right arrow over (δ)}, {right arrow over (δ)} is represented by the azimuthal angle (φ) and the polar angle (θ) as:
δ
→
=
[
δ
i
δ
j
δ
k
]
=
[
cos
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
sin
⁢
φsin
⁢
θ
cos
⁢
θ
]
.

32 more elements

Apparatus and method for determining a 3D directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device

Life of this patent

Apparatus and method for determining a 3D directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims20