Proton flow reactor system

A method of generating electricity, the method comprising:

• supplying an input slurry comprising charged storage particles and electrolyte to a first half-cell of an electrochemical cell;
• supplying an oxidant stream to a second half-cell of the electrochemical cell;
• allowing H+ or H3O+ ions to pass from the first half-cell to react with the oxidant in the second half-cell, thereby generating electricity;
• and
• removing an output slurry comprising uncharged storage particles and electrolyte from the first half-cell.

A method of generating hydrogen gas, the method comprising:

• supplying an input slurry comprising charged storage particles and electrolyte to a first half-cell of an electrochemical cell;
• allowing H+ or H3O+ ions to pass from the first half-cell while ensuring that substantially no oxidant, or minimal oxidant, is present in the second half-cell;
• initiating hydrogen gas evolution in the second half-cell;
• and
• removing an output stream comprising hydrogen gas from the second half-cell.