# US 12,435,259 B2 · Method to design cement slurry with minimal carbon footprint

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- Number: US 12,435,259 B2
- Document ID: US12435259B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/387,630
- Filed: 2021-07-28
- Published: 2023-02-02
- Granted: 2025-10-07
- Earliest claimed: 2021-07-28
- Assignees: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
- Applicants: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
- Inventors: Siva Rama Krishna Jandhyala; John Paul Bir Singh
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12435259B2

## CPC

- C09K 8/46: containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- G06Q 50/08: Construction
- C04B 14/04: Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B 28/04: Portland cements
- C04B 28/06: Aluminous cements (monolithic refractories or refractory mortars C04B35/66)
- C04B 40/0032: {Controlling the process of mixing, e.g. adding ingredients in a quantity depending on a measured or desired value (B28C7/00 takes precedence)}
- C09K 8/487: Fluid loss control additives; Additives for reducing or preventing circulation loss
- E21B 33/13: Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- G06Q 30/018: Certifying business or products
- C04B 2111/00198: {Characterisation or quantities of the compositions or their ingredients expressed as mathematical formulae or equations}
- E21B 33/14: for cementing casings into boreholes
- G06Q 50/04: Manufacturing
- Y02W 30/91: Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- Y02W: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT

## Abstract

A method of producing a cement composition with reduced carbon emissions may include: defining cement constraints comprising at least one cement property; calculating a set of cement compositions which satisfy the cement constraints, using cement property models corresponding to the cement constraints; calculating a carbon emission associated with each of the cement compositions in the set of cement compositions using a carbon footprint model; selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions; and preparing the cement composition.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of producing a cement composition with reduced carbon emissions comprising:
(a) defining cement constraints comprising at least one cement property;
(b) calculating a set of cement compositions which satisfy the cement constraints, using cement property models corresponding to the cement constraints;
(c) calculating a carbon emission associated with each of the cement compositions in the set of cement compositions using a carbon footprint model;
(d) selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions; and
(e) preparing the cement composition selected in step (d).

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one cement property comprises a property selected from the group consisting of density, upper thickening time, lower thickening time, upper fluid loss, minimum compressive strength, minimum mixability, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the set of cement compositions comprises
(f) generating a cement composition by selecting at least a cement and concentration thereof, a supplementary cementitious material and a concentration thereof, a water and concentration thereof, and one or more chemical additives and concentration thereof;
(g) generating a calculated cement property from the cement composition from step (f), wherein the calculated cement property corresponds to a first cement constraint from the cement constraints, wherein generating the calculated cement property comprises using a cement property model corresponding to the first cement constraint;
(h) comparing the calculated cement property to the first cement constraint, and performing steps (f)-(h) if the calculated property does not meet or exceed the first cement constraint, wherein the step of generating a cement composition comprises selecting different concentrations and/or different chemical identities for the cement and/or supplementary cementitious materials and/or one or the more chemical additives than previously selected or performing step (i) if the calculated property meets or exceeds the first cement constraint; and
(i) adding the generated cement composition from step (f) to the set of cement compositions.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, further comprising:
(j) selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions;
(k) generating a calculated cement property from the cement composition from step (j), wherein the calculated cement property corresponds to a second cement constraint from the cement constraints, wherein generating the calculated cement property comprises using a cement property model corresponding to the second cement constraint; and
(l) comparing the calculated cement property to the second cement constraint, and removing the cement composition from step (j) from the set of cement compositions if the calculated cement property does not meet or exceed the second cement constraint, or performing steps (j)-(h) if the calculated property meets or exceeds the second cement constraint.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, further comprising:
(m) repeating steps (j)-(l) for each cement constraint in the cement constraints.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating a carbon emission comprises:
(o) selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions;
(p) calculating a volume of slurry for a unit mass of powder of the cement composition selected in step (o) using the following equation:
V
slurry
=
m
powder
ρ
powder
+
ρ
slurry
ρ
powder
-
1
1
-
ρ
slurry
ρ
wa
⁢
ter
ρ
water
where Vslurry is volume of slurry, mpowder is a unit mass of powder of the cement composition selected in step (o), ρpowder is density of the cement composition selected in step (o), ρslurry is density of a slurry, and ρwater is density of water;
(q) calculating a carbon footprint of the cement composition selected in step (o) using the following equation:
carbon
⁢
footprint
=
∑
i
⁢
x
i
×
CO
⁢
2
i
V
slurry
where, xi is mass fraction of material i in the cement composition selected in step (o), and CO2i is the emission due to material i; and
(r) repeating steps (o)-(q) for each cement composition in the set of cement compositions.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the cement composition from the set of cement compositions comprises selecting based at least in part on the carbon emission associated with the selected cement composition.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising placing the cement composition prepared in step (e) in a wellbore.

### Claim 9 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the cement is selected from the group consisting of Portland cements, pozzolana cements, gypsum cements, high alumina content cements, silica cements, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 10 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3 wherein the supplementary cementitious material is selected from the group consisting of fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, pozzolans, kiln dust, clays, and combinations thereof and the chemical additive is selected from the group consisting cement set retarders, cement accelerators, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 11

A method of producing a cement composition with reduced carbon emissions comprising:
(a) defining cement constraints comprising at least one cement property;
(b) calculating a set of cement compositions which satisfy the cement constraints, using cement property models corresponding to the cement constraints;
(c) calculating a carbon emission associated with each of the cement compositions in the set of cement compositions using a carbon footprint model, wherein the step of calculating a carbon emission comprises:
(d) selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions;
(e) calculating a volume of slurry for a mass of powder of the cement composition selected in step (d) using the following equation:
V
slurry
=
m
powder
ρ
powder
+
ρ
slurry
ρ
powder
-
1
1
-
ρ
slurry
ρ
wa
⁢
ter
ρ
water
where Vslurry is volume of slurry, mpowder is a mass of powder of the cement composition selected in step (d), ρpowder is density of the cement composition selected in step (d), ρslurry is density of a slurry, and ρwater is density of water;
(f) calculating a carbon footprint of the cement composition selected in step (d) using the following equation:
carbon
⁢
footprint
=
∑
i
⁢
x
i
×
CO
⁢
2
i
V
slurry
where, xi is mass fraction of material i in the cement composition selected in step (d), and CO2i is the emission due to material i; and
(g) repeating steps (d)-(f) for each cement composition in the set of cement compositions;
(h) selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions; and
(i) preparing the cement composition selected in step (h).

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one cement property comprises a property selected from the group consisting of density, upper thickening time, lower thickening time, upper fluid loss, minimum compressive strength, minimum mixability, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the cement property models comprise a thickening time model.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the cement property models comprise a compressive strength model.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the step of calculating the set of cement compositions comprises
(j) generating a cement composition by selecting at least a cement and concentration thereof, a supplementary cementitious material and a concentration thereof, a water and concentration thereof, and one or more chemical additives and concentration thereof;
(k) generating a calculated cement property from the cement composition from step (j), wherein the calculated cement property corresponds to a first cement constraint from the cement constraints, wherein generating the calculated cement property comprises using a cement property model corresponding to the first cement constraint;
(l) comparing the calculated cement property to the first cement constraint, and performing steps (j)-(l) if the calculated property does not meet or exceed the first cement constraint, wherein the step of generating a cement composition comprises selecting different concentrations and/or different chemical identities for the cement and/or supplementary cementitious materials and/or one or the more chemical additives than previously selected or performing step (m) if the calculated property meets or exceeds the first cement constraint; and
(m) adding the generated cement composition from step (j) to the set of cement compositions.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, further comprising:
(n) selecting a cement composition from the set of cement compositions;
(o) generating a calculated cement property from the cement composition from step (n), wherein the calculated cement property corresponds to a second cement constraint from the cement constraints, wherein generating the calculated cement property comprises using a cement property model corresponding to the second cement constraint; and
(p) comparing the calculated cement property to the second cement constraint, and removing the cement composition from step (n) from the set of cement compositions if the calculated cement property does not meet or exceed the second cement constraint, or performing steps (n)-(o) if the calculated property meets or exceeds the second cement constraint.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising:
(q) repeating steps (n)-(p) for each cement constraint in the cement constraints.

### Claim 18 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein selecting the cement composition from the set of cement compositions comprises selecting based at least in part on the carbon emission associated with the selected cement composition.

### Claim 19 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, further comprising placing the cement composition prepared in step (i) in a wellbore.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein the cement is selected from the group consisting of Portland cements, pozzolana cements, gypsum cements, high alumina content cements, silica cements, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 21 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 wherein the supplementary cementitious material is selected from the group consisting of fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, pozzolans, kiln dust, clays, and combinations thereof and the chemical additive is selected from the group consisting cement set retarders, cement accelerators, and combinations thereof.