Markers and their use in brain injury

A method of treatment of a disease or disorder, wherein the disease or disorder is a traumatic brain injury (TBI), the method comprising:

• a. obtaining a sample from the human patient;
• b. measuring a level of heart fatty-acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and a level of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the sample, and comparing the level of H-FABP and the level of GFAP to reference levels of H-FABP and GFAP to identify the patient as having the traumatic brain injury when the measured levels are higher than the reference levels;
• and
• c. administering a treatment to the patient;
• wherein the treatment comprises one or more pain reliving agents, one or more anti-seizure agents, one or more coma-inducing agents, one or more diuretic agents, one or more anti-anxiety agents, one or more anti-depressive agents, one or more hyperosmolar therapies, one or more cognitive therapies, one or more rehabilitation therapies including physical, occupational, and speech therapies, one or more therapeutic hypothermia therapies, one or more stem cell therapies, one or more surgical therapies, rest, head elevation, hyperventilation, or combinations thereof.