Prospective and retrospective on-line adaptive radiotherapy

A radiation delivery system, comprising:

• a radiation source to generate a treatment beam for a delivery of a dose of radiation;
• and
• a processing device, operatively coupled to the radiation source, to:
• perform, during a treatment delivery session, the delivery of the dose of radiation to an anatomical volume;
• detect, during the treatment delivery session, a current state of the anatomical volume;
• predict a future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session;
• and
• adjust, while the anatomical volume is in the current state, the delivery of the dose of radiation to the anatomical volume to anticipate the future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session.

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions, which, when executed by a processing device of a radiation delivery system, cause the radiation delivery system to:

• perform, during a treatment delivery session, a delivery of a dose of radiation to an anatomical volume;
• detect, during the treatment delivery session, a current state of the anatomical volume;
• predict a future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session;
• and
• adjust, while the anatomical volume is in the current state, the delivery of the dose of radiation to the anatomical volume to anticipate the future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session.