Optical device

An optical device, comprising:

• a first outer substrate;
• a second outer substrate;
• a liquid crystal element positioned between the first outer substrate and the second outer substrate;
• a first intermediate layer positioned between the first outer substrate and the liquid crystal element;
• and
• a second intermediate layer positioned between the second outer substrate and the liquid crystal element,
• wherein the liquid crystal element comprises:
• a first base layer;
• a first electrode layer formed on an inner surface of the first base layer;
• a second base layer;
• a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first base layer and the second base layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye;
• a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer positioned between the first base layer and the liquid crystal layer and present on an inner surface of the first electrode layer;
• and
• a spacer, wherein the spacer maintains a gap between the first and second base layers,
• wherein the first outer substrate is bonded via the first intermediate layer to a first side of the liquid crystal element, the second outer substrate is bonded via the second intermediate layer to a second side of the liquid crystal element, and a sum of total thicknesses of the first and second intermediate layers is 1,100 μm or more, and
• wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a storage elastic modulus at a temperature of 25° C. and a frequency of 6 rad/sec of 0.01 MPa to 1 MPa and is a liquid crystal orientational pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that imparts vertical orientation force or horizontal orientation force to an adjacent liquid crystal compound,
• wherein each of the first and second intermediate layers have a storage elastic modulus in a range of 2 MPa to 100 MPa.