Fluid dispensing

Apparatus for dispensing fluid, comprising:

• a valve arrangement comprising an outer wall;
• a housing member comprising at least one inner wall, wherein the outer wall of the valve arrangement at least partly surrounds the inner wall of the housing member, wherein the at least one inner wall of the housing member at least partly surrounds an inner chamber region that is disposed within a main body portion of the housing member, the housing member further comprising an inner fluid port being disposed at a first end region of the inner chamber region and in fluid communication with an open region of the housing member disposed at a first end region of the housing member;
• at least one fluid communication passageway disposed within the main body portion and comprising:
• a first end proximate to and in fluid communication with the open region;
• and
• a remaining end proximate to a further end of the housing member, that is spaced apart from the first end region of the housing member;
• wherein the at least one fluid communication passageway is disposed radially outside the inner chamber region between the at least one inner wall of the housing member and the outer wall of the valve arrangement
• at least one wall fluid port extending through the inner wall of the housing member and through the outer wall of the valve arrangement to fluidly connect a fluid communication region located outside of the housing member and the inner chamber region;
• and
• a closure element disposed in, and movable within, the inner chamber region to selectively limit fluid flow through the inner fluid port;
• wherein
• the housing member is connected to, or is integrally formed with, a valve assembly that includes an elongate valve stem associated with a respective stem axis and a stem housing that radially surrounds at least a portion of the elongate valve stem, the stem housing comprising at least one stem housing fluid communication region that is in fluid communication with the at least one fluid communication passageway and is fluidly connectable to an inner stem channel disposed along at least a portion of the elongate valve stem, the stem housing further comprising at least one gas communication region that is fluidly connectable to the inner stem channel so that at least one fluid and at least one gas are mixable in the inner stem channel.