Apparatus and methods for x-ray imaging

An x-ray measurement system comprising:

• an x-ray source configured to emit one or more x-ray beams directed to an imaging subject;
• and
• a two-dimensional (2D) x-ray detector downstream of the imaging subject, wherein a controller of the system is configured to obtain three-dimensional (3D) images of a region of interest in the subject by having a plurality of relative positions of x-ray emission to the region of interest, achieved by one or more of moving the region of interest or moving or steering x-ray emitting positions or having a plurality of the x-ray sources in at least two axes of the 3D space including positions in x-y-z axis, and obtaining 2D x-ray measurements;
• and
• a non-transitory computer for storage medium containing software for reducing or removing scatter from the 2D x-ray measurements, such that data derived are used to create at least one 3D image of the region of interest,
• wherein a distance between adjacent x-ray emitting positions or relative distance of the region of the interest between the moved positions is equal to approximately a resolution in a third axis, such that each of the adjacent x-ray emitting positions is configured to generate at least one or more different projection paths in the region of interest, and
• wherein said distance is greater than zero and up to one pixel pitch.