Manufacturing process with atomic level inspection
AssigneeTaiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd.
InventorsI-Che Lee, Huai-Ying Huang
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Costs may be avoided and yields improved by applying scanning probe microscopy to substrates in the midst of an integrated circuit fabrication process sequence. Scanning probe microscopy may be used to provide conductance data. Conductance data may relate to device characteristics that are normally not available until the conclusion of device manufacturing. The substrates may be selectively treated to ameliorate a condition revealed by the data. Some substrates may be selectively discarded based on the data to avoid the expense of further processing. A process maintenance operation may be selectively carried out based on the data.
Claims20
A method comprising:
- applying a first manufacturing process sequence to produce an array of memory cells over a semiconductor substrate, wherein the memory cells comprise a top electrode, a bottom electrode, and a magnetic tunnel junction between the top electrode and the bottom electrode;
- scanning a tip of a conductive atomic force microscope across a surface of the semiconductor substrate at which the top electrodes are at least partially exposed to obtain a first data set and a second data set, wherein the first data set corresponds to deflection of the tip and relates to variations in height of the surface and the second data set corresponds to conduction between the tip and the semiconductor substrate and relates to variations in conductivity across the surface;
- using the first data set and or the second data set to identify areas of the surface that contain individual memory cells;
- and
- analyzing at least the second data set in the areas that contain individual memory cells to determine whether defects are present, and selectively applying further processing to the semiconductor substrate according to results of the analysis.
A method for analyzing a semiconductor substrate during an intermediate stage of manufacture, the method comprising:
- processing the semiconductor substrate using a first manufacturing process that forms devices with electrodes exposed at a surface of the semiconductor substrate;
- scanning the surface using a conductive atomic force microscope (C-AFM) to obtain both topography data and conductivity data, wherein the topography data relates to deflection of a tip of the C-AFM by the surface and the conductivity data relates to current between the tip and the semiconductor substrate;
- using the topography data or conductivity data to identify areas containing individual electrodes;
- determining shapes of exposed portions of the individual electrodes based on the conductivity data;
- making a diagnostic determination based on the determined shapes of the exposed portions of the individual electrodes;
- and
- selectively applying or omitting a second manufacturing process based on the diagnostic determination.
A method for analyzing a semiconductor substrate during an intermediate stage of manufacture, the method comprising:
- processing the semiconductor substrate using a first manufacturing process that forms devices with electrodes exposed at a surface of the semiconductor substrate;
- scanning the surface using a conductive atomic force microscope (C-AFM) to obtain both topography data and conductivity data, wherein the topography data relates to deflection of a tip of the C-AFM by the surface and the conductivity data relates to current between the tip and the semiconductor substrate;
- using the topography data or the conductivity data to identify areas containing individual devices;
- determining an electrical property for each of the individual devices from the conductivity data;
- making a diagnostic determination based on the electrical property;
- and
- selectively applying or omitting a second manufacturing process based on the diagnostic determination.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.