CD146 and uses thereof as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target in the diagnosis and treatment of fibrosis

An in vitro or ex vivo method of detecting predisposition to or of diagnosing and/or prognosing fibrosis in a subject comprises the steps of i) determining the I5-13 soluble CD146 protein expression level in a biological sample of the subject, ii) comparing the expression level determined at step i) with a reference value and iii) concluding that the subject has predisposition to fibrosis, is affected by fibrosis or has a poor prognosis of fibrosis, when the level determined at step i) is higher than the reference value or concluding that the patient has no predisposition to fibrosis, is not affected by fibrosis or has a good prognosis of fibrosis when the level determined at step i) is lower than the reference value,

• said method further comprising the administration of an inhibitor of the I5-13 soluble CD146 protein of SEQ ID NO:
• 8 to a subject who has been identified in step iii) as having predisposition to fibrosis, as being affected by fibrosis or as having a poor prognosis of fibrosis,
• wherein the inhibitor is an antibody comprising:
• a) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 87, SEQ ID NO:
• 88, and SEQ ID NO:
• 89, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 90, sequence QVS and SEQ ID NO:
• 91;
• b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 93 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 92;
• c) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 94, SEQ ID NO:
• 95, and SEQ ID NO:
• 96, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequence of SEQ ID NO:
• 97, sequence FAS and SEQ ID NO:
• 98;
• or
• d) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 100 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 99.

An in vitro or ex vivo method of:

• a) monitoring cardiac or renal fibrosis in a subject comprising determining the soluble CD146 protein level of expression in a biological sample of the subject at two or more time points, said soluble CD146 protein being selected from SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:6 and SEQ ID NO:7, wherein a higher soluble CD146 protein level of expression in a biological sample of the subject at a later time point, compared to a reference value obtained in a biological sample of the subject at an earlier time point, is indicative of fibrosis increase in the subject whereas a lower soluble CD146 protein level is indicative of a fibrosis decrease and an equal soluble CD146 protein level indicates that fibrosis does not progress in the subject;
• or
• b) monitoring fibrosis in a subject comprising determining the I5-13 soluble CD146 protein of SEQ ID NO:8 level of expression in a biological sample of the subject at two or more time points, wherein a higher soluble CD146 protein level of expression in a biological sample of the subject at a later time point, compared to a reference value obtained in a biological sample of the subject at an earlier time point, is indicative of fibrosis increase in the subject whereas a lower human soluble CD146 protein level is indicative of a fibrosis decrease and an equal human soluble CD146 protein level indicates that fibrosis does not progress in the subject,
• wherein when an increase of fibrosis is monitored in the subject, said method further comprises the administration of an inhibitor of the I5-13 soluble CD146 protein of SEQ ID NO:
• 8 or of a soluble CD146 protein selected from SEQ ID NO:
• 1, SEQ ID NO:
• 2, SEQ ID NO:
• 3, SEQ ID NO:
• 4, SEQ ID NO:
• 5, SEQ ID NO:
• 6 and SEQ ID NO:
• 7 to the subject,
• wherein the inhibitor is an antibody comprising:
• a) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 87, SEQ ID NO:
• 88, and SEQ ID NO:
• 89, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 90, sequence QVS and SEQ ID NO:
• 91;
• b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 93 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 92;
• c) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 94, SEQ ID NO:
• 95, and SEQ ID NO:
• 96, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequence of SEQ ID NO:
• 97, sequence FAS and SEQ ID NO:
• 98;
• or
• d) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 100 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 99.

A method of treating cardiac and/or renal fibrosis in a subject comprising the administration of a composition comprising an inhibitor of a soluble CD146 protein selected from SEQ ID NO:

• 1, SEQ ID NO:
• 2, SEQ ID NO:
• 3, SEQ ID NO:
• 4, SEQ ID NO:
• 5, SEQ ID NO:
• 6 and SEQ ID NO:
• 7 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to said subject, wherein the inhibitor is an antibody comprising:
• a) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 87, SEQ ID NO:
• 88, and SEQ ID NO:
• 89, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 90, sequence QVS and SEQ ID NO:
• 91;
• b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 93 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 92;
• c) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 94, SEQ ID NO:
• 95, and SEQ ID NO:
• 96, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequence of SEQ ID NO:
• 97, sequence FAS and SEQ ID NO 98;
• or
• d) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 100 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 99.

A method of treating fibrosis in a subject comprising the administration of a composition comprising an inhibitor of the I5-13 soluble CD146 protein of SEQ ID NO:8 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to said subject,

• wherein the inhibitor is an antibody comprising:
• a) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 87, SEQ ID NO:
• 88, and SEQ ID NO:
• 89, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 90, sequence QVS and SEQ ID NO:
• 91;
• b) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 93 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 92;
• c) heavy chain variable region (VH) CDR polypeptide sequences of SEQ ID NO:
• 94, SEQ ID NO:
• 95, and SEQ ID NO:
• 96, and the light chain variable region (VL) CDR polypeptide sequence of SEQ ID NO:
• 97, sequence FAS and SEQ ID NO:
• 98;
• or
• d) a light chain variable region (VL) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 100 and a heavy chain variable region (VH) comprising SEQ ID NO:
• 99.