Deformable composite material for uncovered solar energy absorbent collector panels with low infrared radiation losses

A panel which is at least one of a solar radiation absorbent wall panel structure or a solar radiation absorbent roof panel structure, the panel comprising a composite material for conversion of solar radiation to heat, comprising:

• a carrier comprising a first side and a second side, composed of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, electrolytic chromium coated steel (ECCS) or stainless steel, wherein at least the following layers are present on the first side of the carrier in the following order:
• an adhesion layer composed of chromium, titanium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, alloys of two or more of these metals, or a non-ferromagnetic nickel alloy with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, aluminum, vanadium and copper, having a thickness of 1 to 15 nm, on the carrier,
• a protection layer composed of a nitride, a carbide or a carbonitride of a metal or a mixture of two or more metals from subgroups IV, V or VI of the periodic system, on the adhesion layer,
• a first absorber layer of a metal compound having a composition (MerAl1-r) OxNyCz, wherein Me represents at least one metal selected from titanium, zirconium and hafnium, wherein r is from 0.1 to 1.0, x is from 0 to 1.9, y is from 0 to 0.95, z is from 0 to 0.5 and x+y+z is from 0.5 to 1.9, or a composition (CrrAl1-r)OxNyCz, wherein r is from 0.1 to 1.0, x is from 0 to 1.4, y is from 0 to 0.5, z is from 0 to 0.95 and x+y+z is from 0.8 to 1.4, on the protection layer,
• a second absorber layer of a metal compound having the composition (MerAl1-r)OxNyCz or (CrrAl1-r)OxNyCz, as defined for the first absorber layer, on the first absorber layer, wherein the composition is different from that in the first absorber layer, and
• a protection layer that is at least one of dielectric and/or oxidic antireflection, and having with a refractive index from 1.8 to 2.5 in the visible wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm, which is selected from the group consisting of ZrO2, Y stabilized ZrO2, Cr2O3, Nb2O5, Si3N4, Y2O3, Ta2O5, and a mixture of ZrO2 and Ta2O5, on the second absorber layer.

A solar structure which is at least one of a solar facade or a solar roof, the solar structure comprising a panel which is at least one of a solar radiation absorbent wall panel structure or a roof panel structure, the panel comprising a composite material for conversion of solar radiation to heat, comprising:

• a carrier comprising a first side and a second side, composed of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, electrolytic chromium coated steel (ECCS) or stainless steel, wherein at least the following layers are present on the first side of the carrier in the following order:
• an adhesion layer composed of chromium, titanium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, alloys of two or more of these metals, or a non-ferromagnetic nickel alloy with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, aluminum, vanadium and copper, having a thickness of 1 to 15 nm, on the carrier,
• a protection layer composed of a nitride, a carbide or a carbonitride of a metal or a mixture of two or more metals from subgroups IV, V or VI of the periodic system, on the adhesion layer,
• a first absorber layer of a metal compound having a composition (MerAl1-r) OxNyCz, wherein Me represents at least one metal selected from titanium. zirconium and hafnium, wherein r is from 0.1 to 1.0, x is from 0 to 1.9, y is from 0 to 0.95, z is from 0 to 0.5 and x+y+z is from 0.5 to 1.9, or a composition (CrrAl1-r)OxNyCz, wherein r is from 0.1 to 1.0, x is from 0 to 1.4, y is from 0 to 0.5, z is from 0 to 0.95 and x+y+z is from 0.8 to 1.4, on the protection layer,
• a second absorber layer of a metal compound having the composition (MerAl1-r)OxNyCz or (CrrAl1-r)OxNyCz, as defined for the first absorber layer, on the first absorber layer, wherein the composition is different from that in the first absorber layer, and
• a protection layer that is at least one of dielectric and/or oxidic antireflection. and having with a refractive index from 1.8 to 2.5 in the visible wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm, which is selected from the group consisting of ZrO2, Y stabilized ZrO2, Cr2O3, Nb2O5, Si3N4, Y2O3, Ta2O5, and a mixture of ZrO2 and Ta2O5, on the second absorber layer,
• wherein the panel includes a plurality of panels which are arranged so as to overlap with respective adjacent panels to form the solar facade or the solar roof.