Method and apparatus for bacterial analysis

An apparatus comprising:

• a light source arranged to cast light toward a transparent coverslip supporting a bacteria binding volume to create an evanescent field, the bacteria binding volume being within the evanescent field;
• a detector arranged to receive light from the bacteria binding volume and output data;
• a processor programmed to determine a level of vibration of bacteria within the bacteria binding volume in three-dimensions from the output data;
• the transparent coverslip arranged to support the bacteria binding volume;
• the bacteria binding volume;
• and
• a coverslip support arranged to support the coverslip, the coverslip support being arranged between the light source and the coverslip and having a hole to allow the light cast from the light source to pass to the transparent coverslip;
• wherein the evanescent field is created on a surface of the transparent coverslip,
• wherein the bacteria binding volume is supported directly on the transparent coverslip;
• and
• wherein the transparent coverslip has no cladding.