Liquid aperture, electronic device, and driving method and apparatus for liquid aperture

An electronic device comprising:

• a device body, a mainboard, and a camera, wherein the mainboard is disposed in the device body, and the camera is installed on the device body;
• and
• a liquid aperture is disposed in the camera, and the mainboard is electrically connected to a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate of the liquid aperture;
• wherein the liquid aperture comprises:
• a first substrate, the first electrode plate, an insulation layer, a hydrophobic layer, a hydrophilic layer, a sidewall, the second electrode plate, and a second substrate that are disposed adjacent to each other in sequence in a direction of an optical axis of the liquid aperture, wherein
• the first substrate, the first electrode plate, the insulation layer, the hydrophobic layer, the hydrophilic layer, the second electrode plate, and the second substrate have light transmission, the sidewall blocks light, the first substrate is configured to carry the first electrode plate, the second substrate is configured to carry the second electrode plate, and the insulation layer is configured to insulate the hydrophobic layer from the first electrode plate;
• a first hollow structure is formed in a middle of the sidewall, and the first hollow structure penetrates through the sidewall in a thickness direction of the sidewall;
• the hydrophilic layer comprises a first hydrophilic part and a second hydrophilic part, the first hydrophilic part is located in a central region of the hydrophilic layer, the second hydrophilic part is located in a peripheral region of the hydrophilic layer, the first hydrophilic part is cylindrical, the second hydrophilic part has a cylindrical hollow middle part, an axis of the first hydrophilic part and an axis of the cylindrical hollow part are coaxial with the optical axis of the liquid aperture, the first hydrophilic part is located in the cylindrical hollow part, there are N annular second hollow structures between the first hydrophilic part and the second hydrophilic part, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
• the first hollow structure communicates with the N second hollow structures to form a closed cavity among the second electrode plate, the sidewall, the hydrophilic layer, and the hydrophobic layer, the closed cavity is filled with a nonopaque transparent electrolyte and opaque dyed oil, the dyed oil is incompatible with the transparent electrolyte, the transparent electrolyte is configured to isolate the dyed oil from the second electrode plate, surface adsorbability of the hydrophilic layer to the transparent electrolyte is greater than surface adsorbability of the hydrophobic layer to the transparent electrolyte, and surface adsorbability of the hydrophilic layer to the dyed oil is less than surface adsorbability of the hydrophobic layer to the dyed oil;
• and
• an electric field is formed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate to change distribution of the transparent electrolyte and the dyed oil in the closed cavity.

A driving method for a liquid aperture, used to adjust a liquid aperture, the method comprising the following:

• obtaining an aperture adjustment command;
• and
• in response to the aperture adjustment command indicating to widen the aperture, increasing electric field strength between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, to change a distribution state of the transparent electrolyte and the dyed oil, move the dyed oil toward an outer edge of a corresponding second hollow structure, and allow more light to pass through the liquid aperture;
• or
• in response to the aperture adjustment command indicating to narrow the aperture, decreasing the electric field strength between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, to change the distribution state of the transparent electrolyte and the dyed oil, spread the dyed oil onto the corresponding hydrophobic layer, and allow less light to pass through the liquid aperture;
• wherein the liquid aperture comprises:
• a first substrate, a first electrode plate, an insulation layer, a hydrophobic layer, a hydrophilic layer, a sidewall, a second electrode plate, and a second substrate that are disposed adjacent to each other in sequence in a direction of an optical axis of the liquid aperture, wherein
• the first substrate, the first electrode plate, the insulation layer, the hydrophobic layer, the hydrophilic layer, the second electrode plate, and the second substrate have light transmission, the sidewall blocks light, the first substrate is configured to carry the first electrode plate, the second substrate is configured to carry the second electrode plate, and the insulation layer is configured to insulate the hydrophobic layer from the first electrode plate;
• a first hollow structure is formed in a middle of the sidewall, and the first hollow structure penetrates through the sidewall in a thickness direction of the sidewall;
• the hydrophilic layer comprises a first hydrophilic part and a second hydrophilic part, the first hydrophilic part is located in a central region of the hydrophilic layer, the second hydrophilic part is located in a peripheral region of the hydrophilic layer, the first hydrophilic part is cylindrical, the second hydrophilic part has a cylindrical hollow middle part, an axis of the first hydrophilic part and an axis of the cylindrical hollow part are coaxial with the optical axis of the liquid aperture, the first hydrophilic part is located in the cylindrical hollow part, there are N annular second hollow structures between the first hydrophilic part and the second hydrophilic part, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
• the first hollow structure communicates with the N second hollow structures to form a closed cavity among the second electrode plate, the sidewall, the hydrophilic layer, and the hydrophobic layer, the closed cavity is filled with a nonopaque transparent electrolyte and opaque dyed oil, the dyed oil is incompatible with the transparent electrolyte, the transparent electrolyte is configured to isolate the dyed oil from the second electrode plate, surface adsorbability of the hydrophilic layer to the transparent electrolyte is greater than surface adsorbability of the hydrophobic layer to the transparent electrolyte, and surface adsorbability of the hydrophilic layer to the dyed oil is less than surface adsorbability of the hydrophobic layer to the dyed oil;
• and
• an electric field is formed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate to change distribution of the transparent electrolyte and the dyed oil in the closed cavity.