# US 12,400,237 B2 · Personal history in track and trace system

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- Number: US 12,400,237 B2
- Document ID: US12400237B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/322,204
- Filed: 2023-05-23
- Published: 2024-01-25
- Granted: 2025-08-26
- Earliest claimed: 2016-02-19
- Assignees: Alitheon, Inc.
- Applicants: Alitheon, Inc.
- Inventors: Justin Lynn Withrow; Mark Tocci; David Keesu Kim; David Justin Ross; Scot E. Land
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12400237B2

## CPC

- G06Q 30/0185: {Product, service or business identity fraud}
- G06F 16/51: Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
- G06F 16/5838: {using colour}
- G06F 16/5866: {using information manually generated, e.g. tags, keywords, comments, manually generated location and time information}
- G06F 16/587: using geographical or spatial information, e.g. location
- G06F 18/22: Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
- G06F 21/44: Program or device authentication
- G06F 21/73: by creating or determining hardware identification, e.g. serial numbers
- G06V 10/44: Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersections; Connectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
- G06V 10/462: {Salient features, e.g. scale invariant feature transforms [SIFT]}
- G06V 10/50: by performing operations within image blocks; by using histograms, e.g. histogram of oriented gradients [HoG]; by summing image-intensity values; Projection analysis
- G06V 10/751: {Comparing pixel values or logical combinations thereof, or feature values having positional relevance, e.g. template matching}
- G06V 20/80: Recognising image objects characterised by unique random patterns
- H04L 9/3278: {using physically unclonable functions [PUF]}
- G06F 2221/2111: Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS
- G06V 20/95: {Pattern authentication; Markers therefor; Forgery detection}
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- G06V: IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

Apparatuses and methods associated with personal history in a track and trace system are disclosed herein. In embodiments, a method includes acquiring first information corresponding to a physical object; identifying first authentication data based on the first information; storing the first authentication data in a database system; subsequent to storing the first authentication data, acquiring second information corresponding to a target physical object and identifying second authentication data based on the second information; identifying third information corresponding to the target physical object; querying the database system to seek a matching record based on the second authentication data; in the case that a matching record is returned responsive to the querying, updating the matching record with an indication that the second authentication data was matched to it and updating history data of said matching record based on said third information. Other embodiments may be disclosed or claimed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method comprising:
forming a first digital fingerprint of a first inanimate physical object based on digital image data of at least a portion of a first inanimate physical object, wherein forming the first digital fingerprint includes selecting a first authentication region in the digital image data and extracting at least one first feature vector from the first authentication region;
storing a first database record associated with the digital fingerprint of the first inanimate physical object in a database system;
subsequent to storing the first database record,
forming a second digital fingerprint based on digital image data of at least a portion of a target inanimate physical object, wherein forming the second digital fingerprint includes selecting a second authentication region in the digital image data of at least a portion of the target inanimate physical object and extracting at least one second feature vector from the second authentication region;
acquiring information corresponding to the target inanimate physical object;
determining that the target inanimate physical object matches the first physical object based on the second digital fingerprint matching the first digital fingerprint;
updating the first database record with an indication of the matching; and
based on the matching, updating history data of the first database record based on the information corresponding to the target physical object.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
associating data obtained from a sensor with the first physical object, said data representing a metric of the first physical object;
storing the data representing the metric in the first database record;
causing the sensor to obtain additional data representing additional metrics of the first physical object; and
updating the first database record based on at least one of the additional metrics.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining the information from a sensor:
associating the information with the target physical object, said information representing a metric of the target physical object; and
storing the information representing the metric in the first database record as the information.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the target physical object matches the first physical object based on the second digital fingerprint matching the first digital fingerprint includes matching the second digital fingerprint with a third digital fingerprint of an intermediate aggregate physical object that includes the first physical object.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, further comprising:
updating history data of a second database record in the database system, wherein the second database record is associated with the intermediate aggregate physical object.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the target physical object matches the first physical object based on the second digital fingerprint matching the first digital fingerprint includes matching the second digital fingerprint with a third digital fingerprint of a final aggregate physical object that includes the first physical object.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, further comprising updating history data of a database record associated with the final aggregate physical object.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first digital fingerprint is based on at least one native feature of the first physical object and the second digital fingerprint is based on at least one native feature of the target physical object.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1,
wherein the at least one first feature vector includes a first array of color or gray scale numeric values corresponding to areas within the first authentication region, and
wherein the at least one second feature vector includes a second array of color or gray scale numeric values corresponding to areas within the second authentication region.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the information includes digital information generated by at least one environmental sensor associated with the target physical object.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the at least one environmental sensor includes at least one of: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, a pressure sensor, an oxygen level sensor, and a vibration sensor.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the information includes digital location information about a location of the target physical object and generated by at least one global positioning system.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the information is manually entered information about the target physical object.

### Claim 14

A system comprising:
a computing server for tracking a plurality of physical objects; and
a database system operatively coupled to the computing server and arranged to store a plurality of database records, each database record of the plurality of database records having associated therewith one or more digital fingerprints and history data, wherein the one or more digital fingerprints and the history data associated with a database record are associated with a same physical object of the plurality of physical objects,
wherein the computing server is configured to:
store a first database record as one of the plurality of database records in the database system, the first database record being associated with a first digital fingerprint of a first physical object of the plurality of physical objects, wherein the first digital fingerprint is based on digital image data of at least a portion of the first physical object and is formed by selecting a first authentication region of the object in the digital image data and extracting at least one first feature vector from the first authentication region, wherein the first feature vector describes at least one feature of the first authentication region;
form a second digital fingerprint based on digital image data of at least a portion of a target physical object, wherein forming the second digital fingerprint includes selecting a second authentication region in the digital image data of at least a portion of the target physical object and extracting at least one second feature vector from the second authentication region;
acquire information corresponding to a target physical object;
determine that the target physical object matches the first physical object based on the second digital fingerprint matching the first digital fingerprint;
update the first database record with an indication of the matching; and
based on the matching, update history data of the first database record based on the information corresponding to the target physical object.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein determining that the target physical object matches the first physical object based on the second digital fingerprint matching the first digital fingerprint includes matching the second digital fingerprint with a third digital fingerprint of an intermediate aggregate physical object that includes the first physical object.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein the first database record includes a plurality of digital fingerprints associated, respectively, with a plurality of the plurality of physical objects.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein the first digital fingerprint is based on at least one native feature of the first physical object and the second digital fingerprint is based on at least one native feature of the target physical object.

### Claim 18 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein the information includes digital information generated by at least one environmental sensor associated with the target physical object.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The system of claim 18, wherein the at least one environmental sensor includes at least one of: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, a pressure sensor, an oxygen level sensor, and a vibration sensor.

### Claim 20 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein the information includes digital location information about a location of the target physical object and generated by at least one global positioning system.