Precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst as well as preparation method and use thereof

A method of using a precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst, wherein the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst comprises a carrier, a precious metal supported on the carrier and serving as an active component, and a promoter,

• wherein the precious metal and the promoter are evenly distributed on a surface of the carrier, and the promoter comprises a combination of any one or more than two of a precious metal element, an alkaline earth metal element, a transition metal element, a lanthanide series metal element, and/or a metal oxide of the precious metal element, wherein the method comprises using the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst in a preparation of 1,3-propanediol through a hydrogenation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, and wherein the preparation of 1,3-propanediol comprises:
• carrying out a reduction pretreatment on the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst;
• carrying out a hydrogenation reaction on the precious metal-supported eggshell catalyst subjected to a reduction pretreatment and an aqueous solution containing 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde in a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain the 1,3-propanediol;
• wherein process conditions of the reduction pretreatment are as follows:
• a hydrogen pressure is 0.1-5.0 MPa, a hydrogen space velocity is 10-1000 h−1, a reduction temperature is 200-500° C., and a reduction time is 1-20 hours;
• wherein process conditions of the hydrogenation reaction are as follows:
• a temperature of the hydrogenation reaction is 40-130° C., a pressure of the hydrogenation reaction is 3-10 MPa, a concentration of the aqueous solution containing the 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is 5-15 wt %, a space velocity of the aqueous solution containing the 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is 0.1-1.0 h−1, and a molar ratio of hydrogen to the 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is 2:1-20:1.