Method and device for determining an efficiency and/or for calibrating a torque of a rotating drive train, in particular of a wind energy installation

A device for ascertaining an efficiency of a drive train, comprising:

• a first drive device for driving a first end of the drive train during a first test;
• a second drive device for driving a second end of the drive train during a second test;
• a first measuring device for detecting at the first end of the drive train a variable dependent on a torque acting on a first shaft portion of the first end of the drive train during the first test;
• a second measuring device for detecting at the second end of the drive train a variable dependent on a torque acting on a second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train during the second test;
• and
• at least one third measuring device for detecting at least one of a rotary speed or a rotary angle of the drive train wherein the first measuring device and the second measuring device each comprise a sensor detecting a mechanical measurement variable;
• and
• a controller, communicatively coupled to the first measuring device, the second measuring device, and the third measuring device, the controller configured to determine an efficiency of the drive train based on one or more of:
• a power determined during the first test, a power determined during the second test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the torque on the second shaft portion during the first test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the second shaft portion during the second test, and at least one predetermined criterion, wherein the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion during the first test and the variable dependent on the torque acting on the second shaft portion during the second test are each measured by a sensor detecting a mechanical measurement variable.

A device for ascertaining an efficiency of a drive train of a wind turbine, comprising:

• a first drive device configurable for driving a first end of the drive train during a first test;
• a second drive device configurable for driving a second end of the drive train during a second test;
• a first measuring device configurable for detecting at the first end of the drive train a variable dependent on a torque acting on a first shaft portion of the first end of the drive train;
• a second measuring device configurable for detecting at the second end of the drive train a variable dependent on a torque acting on a second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train;
• at least one third measuring device configurable for detecting at least one of a rotary speed or a rotary angle of the drive train, wherein at least one of the first drive device or the second drive device includes a gear unit, wherein at least one of the first measuring device or the second measuring device includes a strain gauge, and wherein the at least one third measuring device includes an incremental encoder, and wherein the first measuring device and the second measuring device each comprise a sensor detecting a mechanical measurement variable;
• and
• a controller, communicatively coupled to the first measuring device, the second measuring device, and the third measuring device, the controller configured to determine an efficiency of the drive train based on one or more of:
• a power determined during the first test, a power determined during the second test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the torque on the second shaft portion during the first test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the second shaft portion during the second test, and at least one predetermined criterion, wherein the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion during the first test and the variable dependent on the torque acting on the second shaft portion during the second test are each measured by a sensor detecting a mechanical measurement variable.

A method for ascertaining an efficiency of a drive train, the drive train including:

• a first end with a first shaft portion, the first shaft portion configured to be driven by a first drive device;
• a second end with a second shaft portion, the second shaft portion configured to be driven by a second drive device;
• and
• a mechanical transfer element located between the first end and the second end, the method comprising:
• driving the first end of the drive train in a first test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion at the first end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train during the first test;
• driving the second end of the drive train in a second test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion on the first end of the drive train during the second test;
• determining an efficiency of the drive train, wherein the efficiency is determined based on one or more of:
• a power determined during the first test, a power determined during the second test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the torque on the second shaft portion during the first test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the second shaft portion during the second test, and at least one predetermined criterion;
• and
• determining a first calibration parameter a, and a second calibration parameter b being from the powers determined in the first test and in the second test based on a rotary speed in the first test and a rotary speed in the second test, wherein, the first test and the second test are performed for at least two different torque stages, and wherein one of the at least two different torque stages is a zero torque stage.

A method for ascertaining an efficiency of a drive train, the drive train including:

• a first end with a first shaft portion, the first shaft portion configured to be driven by a first drive device;
• a second end with a second shaft portion, the second shaft portion configured to be driven by a second drive device;
• and
• a mechanical transfer element located between the first end and the second end, the method comprising:
• driving the first end of the drive train in a first test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion at the first end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train during the first test;
• driving the second end of the drive train in a second test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion on the first end of the drive train during the second test;
• and
• determining an efficiency of the drive train, wherein the efficiency is determined based on one or more of:
• a power determined during the first test, a power determined during the second test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the torque on the second shaft portion during the first test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the second shaft portion during the second test, and at least one predetermined criterion, wherein for the first test a first test power loss is determined and for the second test a second test power loss is determined, wherein the first test power loss and the second test power loss are added to give an overall power loss, and wherein the efficiency is determined based on the overall power loss.

A method for ascertaining an efficiency of a drive train, the drive train including:

• a first end with a first shaft portion, the first shaft portion configured to be driven by a first drive device;
• a second end with a second shaft portion, the second shaft portion configured to be driven by a second drive device;
• and
• a mechanical transfer element located between the first end and the second end, the method comprising:
• driving the first end of the drive train in a first test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion at the first end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train during the first test;
• driving the second end of the drive train in a second test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion on the first end of the drive train during the second test;
• and
• determining an efficiency of the drive train, wherein the efficiency is determined based on one or more of:
• a power determined during the first test, a power determined during the second test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the torque on the second shaft portion during the first test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the second shaft portion during the second test, and at least one predetermined criterion, and wherein a rotary direction of the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion during the first test and the second test is the same.

A method for ascertaining an efficiency of a drive train, the drive train including:

• a first end with a first shaft portion, the first shaft portion configured to be driven by a first drive device;
• a second end with a second shaft portion, the second shaft portion configured to be driven by a second drive device;
• and
• a mechanical transfer element located between the first end and the second end, the method comprising:
• driving the first end of the drive train in a first test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion at the first end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train during the first test;
• driving the second end of the drive train in a second test;
• detecting a variable dependent on a torque acting on the second shaft portion at the second end of the drive train and a variable dependent on a torque acting on the first shaft portion on the first end of the drive train during the second test;
• and
• determining an efficiency of the drive train, wherein the efficiency is determined based on one or more of:
• a power determined during the first test, a power determined during the second test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the torque on the second shaft portion during the first test, the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and the variable depending on the second shaft portion during the second test, and at least one predetermined criterion, wherein a first mechanical power PmechA and a second mechanical power PmechB are determined using the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion and depending on two constants a and b for the first test and for the second test and based on:
• Pmech.leftA−Pmech.rightA=k(Pmech.right.B−Pmech.left.B) and Pmech.left.A+kPmech.right.B+Pmech.right.A, wherein k is a ratio between losses (in the form of a transmitted energy as integral) of the first test, PintmechB=integral (a*ε+b)dΘ/tA, and of the second test PintmechB=integral(a*ε+b)dΘ/tB, wherein the constants a and b are calibration parameters, and wherein the calibration parameters a and b are used to determine a torque T=a*ε+b, and wherein T is the torque and ε is the variable dependent on the torque acting on the first shaft portion.