Alternating current (AC) transition-metal catalysis

A catalytic coupling process, the process comprises reacting at least one functional group A with at least one functional group B in the presence of a transition metal as a catalyst under AC voltage;

• wherein the reaction between the functional group A and the functional group B is intermolecular or intramolecular resulting in a C—N, C—O, C—S, C—P, C—Si, C—B or combination thereof coupling product,
• wherein the process is conducted in an electrochemical cell, wherein the cell comprises:
• a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte;
• wherein the transition-metal catalyst is dissolved in said electrolyte;
• and
• wherein by applying the AC voltage between said first electrode and said second electrode sequential oxidation and reduction of said transition metal occur and thereby inducing a coupling reaction between at least one functional group A and at least one functional group B.