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US 12,391,580 B2Granted
Use of basalt for adsorbing toxic material
OwnerValerie Ann Gambleinventor
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Basalt selectively adsorbs organic toxic materials, such as dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, arsenic, mercury, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, lead, and the like, from substances such as sediment, which contains water and the toxic materials.
Claims28
A method for adsorbing toxic materials, the method comprising:
- exposing a fluid to a filter for a first minimum duration, wherein the fluid comprises water and a toxic material comprising at least one of a dioxin, a furan, a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), or an ethylhexylphthalate, and wherein the filter comprises a needlepunch mat consisting of basalt fibers and having a thickness selected from about 6.5 mm, about 13 mm, or about 20 mm;
- and
- enabling at least a portion of the toxic material to be adsorbed by the basalt fibers.
A method for adsorbing toxic materials, the method comprising:
- exposing a fluid mixture comprising an aqueous sediment to a filter comprising a needlepunch mat consisting of basalt fibers, wherein the fluid mixture comprises a toxic material including at least one of a dioxin, a furan, a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), or an ethylhexylphthalate, and wherein the fluid mixture is chemically exposed to the basalt fibers;
- and
- enabling at least a portion of the toxic material to be adsorbed by the basalt fibers, including exposing the fluid mixture to the basalt fibers for a first minimum duration, wherein the needlepunch mat has a thickness selected from about 6.5 mm, about 13 mm, or about 20 mm.
A method for adsorbing toxic materials, the method comprising:
- exposing an aqueous fluid to a filter, wherein the aqueous fluid comprises a toxic material including at least one of arsenic, mercury, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, or lead;
- wherein the filter comprises a needlepunch mat consisting of basalt fibers and having a thickness selected from about 6.5 mm, about 13 mm, or about 20 mm;
- and
- after exposing the aqueous fluid to the filter, adsorbing at least a portion of the toxic material by the basalt fibers.
1 more element
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.