Electronic devices for polymer synthesis and assembly

A system comprising:

• a polymer synthesis and assembly chip comprising:
• a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit device comprising:
• a plurality of pixels, wherein each pixel of the plurality of pixels includes an electrode;
• wherein a first set of one or more pixels of the plurality of pixels is configured to electrochemically synthesize a first oligonucleotide as a de novo construction through electrically controlled localized reactions within a fluid medium;
• and
• wherein a second set of one or more pixels of the plurality of pixels is configured to assemble the first oligonucleotide with a second oligonucleotide into a larger oligonucleotide construct by electrically controlling motion of the first oligonucleotide, selectively, within the fluid medium, either independently or in concert with one or more pixels of the plurality of pixels;
• control circuitry capable of applying voltages to the electrode;
• a fluidic system capable of programmed delivery of the fluid medium;
• and
• a gasket to confine the fluid medium in proximity to the plurality of pixels.