Single shot analyzer grating for differential phase contrast X-ray imaging and computed tomography

An X-ray system for imaging an object in one shot, wherein the X-ray system comprises:

• an X-ray source;
• an X-ray detector with a plurality of detector pixels is spaced apart from the X-ray source;
• an X-ray grating between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector;
• and
• an analyzer grating between the X-ray grating and the X-ray detector, wherein the analyzer grating has a plurality of grating pixels across two dimensions, wherein a grating pixel has a phase shifted with respect to grating pixels adjacent in at least two dimensions to the grating pixel.

A method for X-ray imaging an object in an X-ray system comprising an X-ray source, an X-ray detector, an X-ray grating between the X-ray source and object, and an analyzer grating between the X-ray grating and the X-ray detector, wherein the analyzer grating has a plurality of grating pixels across two dimensions, wherein each grating pixel has a shifted phase with respect to grating pixels adjacent to the grating pixel in at least two dimensions, the method comprising:

• passing X-rays from the X-ray source through the object, the X-ray grating and the analyzer grating to the X-ray detector in a single shot, wherein the analyzer grating is not moved;
• receiving X-ray detection data from the X-ray detector;
• and
• using the X-ray detection data to create at least one of an intensity image, an amplitude image, and a phase image with image resolution recovery of the object by reconstructing each detector pixel from the single shot.

An X-ray system for imaging an object in one shot, wherein the X-ray system comprises:

• an X-ray source;
• an X-ray detector with a plurality of detector pixels spaced apart from the X-ray source;
• an X-ray grating between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector;
• and
• an analyzer grating between the X-ray grating and the X-ray detector, wherein the analyzer grating has a plurality of grating pixels across two dimensions, wherein a grating pixel has a shifted phase with respect to adjacent grating pixels in all directions.

A method for X-ray imaging an object in an X-ray system comprising an X-ray source, an X-ray detector, an X-ray grating between the X-ray source and object, and an analyzer grating between the X-ray grating and the X-ray detector, wherein the analyzer grating has a plurality of grating pixels across at least two dimensions, wherein each grating pixel has a phase shift with grating pixels adjacent to the grating pixel in the at least two dimensions, the method comprising:

• passing X-rays from the X-ray source through the object, the X-ray grating, and the analyzer grating to the X-ray detector for a single shot, wherein the analyzer grating is not moved;
• receiving X-ray detection data from the X-ray detector for the single shot;
• and
• applying artificial intelligence to the X-ray detection data for the single shot to create at least one of an intensity image, an amplitude, and a phase image with image resolution recovery of the object by reconstructing each detector pixel from the single shot.