Methods of reducing friction on a surface of an apparatus that stores or transports a gas

A method of reducing friction on a metal surface of an apparatus that stores or transports a gas, the method comprising:

• (a) contacting the surface either directly or through an intermediate organometallic layer with a fluorinated material in a diluent, wherein the fluorinated material has the following structure:
• wherein A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond;
• n is 1 to 20;
• Y is H, F, CnH2n+1 or CnF2n+1;
• X is H or F;
• b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, p is 1 to 20, and Z is an acid group or an acid derivative;
• (b) forming a hydrophobic surface layer on the metal surface;
• and
• (c) introducing the gas into the apparatus, wherein the fluorinated material in the hydrophobic surface layer is adhered to an intermediate organometallic layer and wherein the intermediate organometallic layer is a polymeric metal oxide with alkoxide and hydroxyl groups.

A method of reducing friction on a metal surface of an apparatus that stores or transports a gas, the method comprising:

• (a) contacting the surface either directly or through an intermediate organometallic layer with a fluorinated material in a diluent, wherein the fluorinated material has the following structure:
• wherein A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond;
• n is 1 to 20;
• Y is H, F, CnH2n+1 or CnF2n+1;
• X is H or F;
• b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, p is 1 to 20, and Z is an acid group or an acid derivative;
• (b) forming a hydrophobic surface layer on the metal surface;
• and
• (c) introducing the gas into the apparatus, wherein in the apparatus comprises a component of a closed loop CO2 geothermal well, a storage well, a pipe, or an injector well, and wherein the fluorinated material is dissolved or dispersed in a diluent to form a solution or dispersion, and the solution or dispersion is coalesced on the surface to form the hydrophobic surface layer, and wherein Z is
• where R and R′ are each independently H, a metal or an amine or an aliphatic or substituted aliphatic radical having 1 to 50 carbons or an aryl or substituted aryl radical having 6 to 50 carbons.