Compounds, compositions, methods of using, and methods for preparing compounds

A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound selected from

• salts of formula (I), optical isomers of formula (I), geometric isomers of formula (I), salts of isomers of formula (I),
• salts of formula (II), optical isomers of formula (II), geometric isomers of formula (II), salts of isomers of formula (II),
• salts of formula (III), optical isomers of formula (III), geometric isomers of formula (III), and salts of isomers of formula (III),
• wherein
• the bond between X1 and X2 is a single bond or a double bond;
• the bond between X7 and X8 is a single bond or a double bond;
• X1, X2, X7, and X8 are the same or different and each can be independently selected from CH, CH2, O, S, C—NH2, C—N═CH2, C(H)(NH2), C═O, C═N—NH2, C═NH, C═N— cycloalkyl, C═N—S(O) H, C═NC(EtOH)3, C═NCH(EtOH)2, C═NEtOH, C(CH3)(OH), N, NH, C— halogen, C(H)(halogen), C-(halogen)2, C-cycloalkyl, C-heterocyclyl, C-aryl, C-heteroaryl, C(H)(cycloalkyl), C(H)(heterocyclyl), C(H)(aryl), or C(H)(heteroaryl), which CH, CH2, C—NH2, C—N═CH2, C(H)(NH2), C═N—NH2, C═NH, C═N-cycloalkyl, C═N—S(O) H, C═NC(EtOH)3, C═NCH(EtOH)2, C═NEtOH, C(CH3)(OH), C(H)(halogen), C-cycloalkyl, C-heterocyclyl, C-aryl, C-heteroaryl, C(H)(cycloalkyl), C(H)(heterocyclyl), C(H)(aryl), or C(H)(heteroaryl), are optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy (—OH), methanoyl (—COH), —COCH3, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl;
• X1 and X2 are optionally further cyclized to form a 5 or 6 membered cycloalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyl, 5 or 6 membered aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl, which 5 or 6 membered cycloalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyl, 5 or 6 membered aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy (—OH), methanoyl (—COH), —COCH3, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl;
• X7 and X8 are optionally further cyclized to form a 5 or 6 membered cycloalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyl, 5 or 6 membered aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl, which 5 or 6 membered cycloalkyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyl, 5 or 6 membered aryl, or 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy (—OH), methanoyl (—COH), —COCH3, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl;
• R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are the same or different and each is independently selected from H, OH, halogen, methanoyl (—COH), —OCF3, —COCH3, carbonyl, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), cyano (—CN), amine, —NO2, sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, methyl, ethyl, perfluorinated methyl, perfluorinated ethyl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, which H, OH, methanoyl (—COH), —COCH3, carbonyl, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, methyl, ethyl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy (—OH), methanoyl (—COH), —COCH3, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl;
• X3, X4, X5, and X6 are the same or different and each is independently selected from CH or N, which CH is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy (—OH), methanoyl (—COH), —COCH3, carboxy (—CO2H), ethynyl (—CCH), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl, and with the proviso that X1 and X2 do not form —O—(CO)— or —(CO)—O— and
• with the proviso that the compound is not
• or