Method and apparatus for the molecular atomic analysis of a fluid in the gaseous state

A method for molecular atomic analysis of a fluid in a gaseous state, comprising:

• introducing the fluid in the gaseous state into a collection chamber having a predetermined internal volume V;
• generating a laser beam by means of a laser device and focusing the beam into the fluid sited in the collection chamber, in order to create an electric field in at least a portion V′ of the internal volume V, such as to excite elements residing on the atoms and molecules of the fluid in the gaseous state, whose binding energy is between about 1 eV and about 10 eV, causing an atomic/molecular alteration of the fluid itself in the portion V′;
• detecting through detection means elements emitted following the focusing of the beam into the fluid;
• and
• analyzing the elements detected by the detection means by means of a processing unit;
• wherein generating a laser beam comprises varying at least once the frequency of the emitted beam;
• and
• wherein the processing unit is configured to operate the variation of the frequency of the laser beam emitted by the laser device based on the pressure conditions of the fluid sited in the collection chamber.