Process for improving carbon conversion efficiency

A system comprising:

• a. an industrial system comprising a gaseous substrate output conduit in fluid communication with a removal module comprising a CO2-treated gas stream output conduit;
• b. a CO2 concentration module in fluid communication with the CO2-treated gas stream output conduit and comprising a CO2-concentrated gas stream output conduit;
• c. a CO2 electrolysis module in fluid communication with the CO2-concentrated gas stream output conduit and comprising a CO-enriched stream output conduit and a first O2-enriched stream output conduit;
• d. an O2 separation module in fluid communication with the first O2-enriched stream output conduit and comprising a second O2-enriched stream output conduit in fluid communication with the industrial system and an O2-lean stream output conduit;
• and
• e. a bioreactor comprising a culture of at least one C1-fixing microorganism in fluid communication with the CO-enriched stream output conduit and the O2-lean stream output conduit, wherein the bioreactor comprises a tail gas stream output conduit in fluid communication with the removal module and a fermentation products output conduit.