Determining quantization step size for crossbar arrays

A computing device comprising:

• crossbar arrays;
• analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) respectively connected to column lines of the plurality of crossbar arrays;
• and
• a processor configured to:
• generate a first mapping relationship between a quantization step size of an ADC and a first root mean square error, wherein the first root mean square error reflects a quantization error and a clipping error, and wherein the generating the first mapping relationship is based on use of a single crossbar array,
• generate a second mapping relationship between the quantization step size of the ADC and a second root mean square error, wherein the second root mean square error reflects a quantization error, and wherein the generating the second mapping relationship is based on a uniform distribution of a total sum of quantization errors, and
• determine the quantization step size of the ADC based on the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship.