Anti-counterfeiting object

An anti-counterfeiting object, comprising:

• a face with an optical identification marking which is readable by at least one of an eye and a machine, and
• an authentication volume, said authentication volume extending from said face, or from another face of the object, in a thickness (z) direction so as to be accessible from the face from which it extends in order to be read by x-ray diffractometry, XRD;
• wherein the authentication volume is a composite of a first material, referred to as an authentication material, and at least one second material, the authentication volume constituting a material volume of at least 5 mm3;
• and
• the authentication material comprises at least one amorphous phase, at least one crystalline phase and at least one complex metal phase,
• wherein the optical identification marking comprises information relative to a position of the authentication volume within the object, indicating a location of a measurement zone.