# US 12,355,238 B2 · Energy storage systems and methods using heterogeneous pressure media and interactive actuation module > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,355,238 B2 - Document ID: US12355238B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/892,676 - Filed: 2022-08-22 - Published: 2023-06-08 - Granted: 2025-07-08 - Earliest claimed: 2021-12-03 - Assignees: Power8 Tech. Inc. - Applicants: Power8 Tech Inc. - Inventors: Lien Chun Ding; Qiu Shui Su; Song Yuan Lin; Chih Cheng Tai - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12355238B2 ## CPC - H02J 15/20: using storage of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES] - G05B 19/042: using digital processors (G05B19/05 takes precedence) - H02J 15/10: using storage of hydraulic energy - G05B 2219/25297: Identify controlled element, valve, and read characteristics - G05B 2219/2639: Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low - H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators} - H02J 2101/20: Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) ## Abstract An energy storage system includes at least one heterogeneous pressure media and interactive actuation module (“module”), a liquid source, a pump, a converter, a first pipeline, and a second pipeline. The module includes a first container storing an initial gas and a second container storing an initial liquid. The liquid source stores a working liquid. The pump regulates the working liquid from the liquid source into the module. The initial liquid is driven by the working liquid to continuously compress the initial gas so that the first container stores a first pressure energy, and the initial gas is continuously expanded to drive the initial liquid to convert the first pressure energy into a second pressure energy. The second pressure energy through the first pipe drives the converter to generate an electrical energy, and the working liquid after driving the converter is returned to the liquid source through the second pipeline. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An energy storage system comprising: at least one energy storage, wherein each energy storage of the at least one energy storage comprises a set of: a gas compartment storing an initial gas, and a liquid compartment having an opening in fluid communication with the gas compartment; a liquid source storing a working liquid; and a converter generating electricity; wherein the at least one energy storage, the liquid source, and the converter form a closed system; wherein, during one operation of the closed system, the working liquid circulates the closed system and enters the liquid compartment via the opening thereby compressing the initial gas in the gas compartment forming a first pressure energy, and during another operation of the closed system, the initial gas expands thereby discharging the working liquid out of the opening towards the converter forming a second pressure energy. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the first pressure energy is converted to the second pressure energy. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the second pressure energy drives the converter to generate the electricity. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the initial gas fluidly moves between the gas compartment and the liquid compartment. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the initial gas is compressed until the gas compartment reaches a predetermined pressure, wherein at least one energy storage of the at least one energy storage comprises a pressure safety valve to selectively release gas or liquid to release pressure. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The energy storage system of claim 5, wherein the predetermined pressure is between 4 Mpa and 12 Mpa. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one energy storage in the system generates approximately 300 kW. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the converter receives the working liquid from the at least one energy storage and outputs the working liquid towards the liquid source. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the at least one energy storage comprises at least 200 energy storages. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the energy storage system is communicatively coupled with an energy demand via an electric power network. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1 wherein the liquid compartment stores an initial liquid. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The energy storage system of claim 11, wherein the initial liquid fluidly moves between the gas compartment and the liquid compartment. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The energy storage system of claim 11, wherein the initial gas comprises air and the initial liquid comprises water. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The energy storage system of claim 11, wherein the initial gas is expanded by the first pressure energy pushing on the initial liquid towards the working liquid. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The energy storage system of claim 11 furthering comprising a pump configured for moving and injecting the working liquid, through a pipe, into the liquid compartment for driving the initial liquid into the gas compartment, thereby continuously compressing the initial gas in the gas compartment until the initial gas in the gas compartment reaches a predetermined pressure. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The energy storage system of claim 11 further wherein the working liquid enters the liquid compartment driving the initial liquid to compress the initial gas in the gas compartment. ### Claim 17 An energy storage system comprising: at least one energy storage, wherein each energy storage of the at least one energy storage comprises: a gas compartment storing an initial gas, and a liquid compartment including an opening; a liquid source storing a working liquid; a converter generating electricity; and a pump adjusting a flow rate of the working liquid to generate a higher pressure to act on the initial liquid and the initial gas; wherein the at least one energy storage, the liquid source, and the converter form a closed system; wherein, during one operation of the closed system, the working liquid circulates the closed system and enters the liquid compartment via the opening thereby compressing the initial gas in the gas compartment forming a first pressure energy, and during another operation of the closed system, the initial gas expands thereby discharging the working liquid out of the opening of the liquid compartment towards the converter. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The energy storage system of claim 17, wherein the gas compartment and the liquid compartment are within a fluid container. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The energy storage system of claim 17, wherein in the closed system, the working liquid moves from the liquid source towards the at least one energy storage, from the at least one energy storage towards the converter, and from the converter towards the liquid source. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The energy storage system of claim 17 wherein the liquid compartment stores an initial liquid. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The energy storage system of claim 20 further wherein the working liquid enters the liquid compartment driving the initial liquid to compress the initial gas in the gas compartment. ### Claim 22 (depends on 20) The energy storage system of claim 20 wherein when the initial gas expands the initial liquid is driven in a second direction that is opposite the first direction. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The energy storage system of claim 22, wherein the energy storage system further comprises a computer controlling system configured to operate the energy storage system in an energy storing mode and an energy discharging mode; wherein in the energy storing mode, the working fluid drives the initial liquid in the first direction; wherein the energy discharging mode, the first pressure energy drives the initial liquid in the second direction. ### Claim 24 A method of an energy storage system comprises: generating, during one operation, a first pressure energy by flowing a working liquid into an opening of a liquid compartment of an energy storage thereby compressing an initial gas in a gas compartment of the energy storage; generating a second pressure energy to discharge the working liquid out of the opening of the liquid compartment of the energy storage; and driving a generator to generate electricity in response to the discharge. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, further comprising providing the electricity to an energy demand via an electric power network. ### Claim 26 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24 wherein the liquid compartment stores an initial liquid. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The method of claim 26 wherein the second pressure energy drives the initial liquid in a second direction that is opposite the first direction to discharge the working liquid out of the opening of the liquid compartment of the energy storage. ### Claim 28 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, wherein the initial liquid is driven in the first direction using the working liquid, wherein the initial liquid is driven in the second direction using the first pressure energy, wherein the generator is driven by the second pressure energy.