Bidirectional electromagnetic clutch and gear shifting device

A bidirectional electromagnetic clutch comprising:

• a first electromagnetic clutch and a second electromagnetic clutch arranged along positive and negative directions of a same axis, the two electromagnetic clutches being integrated in a same space and configured to independently engage and/or disengage at different ends of the bidirectional electromagnetic clutch;
• wherein the bidirectional electromagnetic clutch has four working states that include:
• the first electromagnetic clutch is engaged and the second electromagnetic clutch is engaged;
• the first electromagnetic clutch is engaged and the second electromagnetic clutch is disengaged;
• the first electromagnetic clutch is disengaged and the second electromagnetic clutch is engaged;
• and
• the first electromagnetic clutch is disengaged and the second electromagnetic clutch is disengaged, wherein
• the first electromagnetic clutch comprises a first electromagnetic movable unit and a first electromagnetic fixed unit,
• the second electromagnetic clutch comprises a second electromagnetic movable unit and a second electromagnetic fixed unit,
• the first electromagnetic fixed unit and the second electromagnetic fixed unit are arranged along a circumference of the bidirectional electromagnetic clutch,
• the first electromagnetic movable unit and the second electromagnetic movable unit are arranged to face to each other with a partition layer formed therebetween, and
• the first electromagnetic fixed unit and the second electromagnetic fixed unit are arranged in a staggered manner within the partition layer,
• wherein the first electromagnetic clutch is a monostable or bistable electromagnetic clutch, and the second electromagnetic clutch is a monostable or bistable electromagnetic clutch, and
• wherein a plurality of guide holes are provided on the first electromagnetic movable unit and the second electromagnetic movable unit, a plurality of connecting pins are provided between the first electromagnetic movable unit and the second electromagnetic movable unit, and the guide holes and the connecting pins form axial relative movement.