Molecular coatings and methods of making and using the same

A molecularly coated surface comprising, Formula I:

• where
• S represents a surface and -A(-X)m represents the molecular coating;
• A is represented by Formula AI and/or AII:
• wherein
• where * indicates a bond to X;
• indicates a bond to S;
• R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, and R12 are independently selected from —H, C1 to C6 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen or hydroxy, C1 to C6 alkenyl optionally substituted with halogen or hydroxy, C1 to C6 alkynyl optionally substituted with halogen or hydroxy, C1 to C6 alkoxy, hydroxyl, halogen, C1 to C6 haloalkyl, C1 to C6 haloalkoxy, a mono-substituted amine (C1 to C6 alkyl), a di-substituted amine (C1 to C6 alkyl), a diamino-group, a polyamino, a diether-group, and a polyether;
• and
• X is a moiety independently selected from
• any one of which can be functionalized to a cyclodextrin via an ether, an amine, an ester, an amide, a silanol, or a carbon bond;
• t is an integer from 0 to 5;
• u and v are each independently an integer from 0 to 10;
• A is an anchor moiety covalently bonded to S;
• X is a pendant moiety bonded to A;
• m is an integer between 1 and 5;
• and
• wherein the coated surface has different physical properties and/or chemical properties than the surface prior to coating;
• wherein the surface is not that of a gemstone.