Compositions and methods that promote hypoxia or the hypoxia response for treatment and prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress disorders

A system comprising:

• (i) a hypobaric chamber,
• (ii) a hypoxia induction system configured to continuously deliver oxygen-depleted air to a subject enclosed within the hypobaric chamber for at least two hours, wherein the oxygen-depleted air comprises between 5 to 20% O2 and the oxygen-depleted air further comprises between 20-70 percent xenon or 5 ppm to 40 ppm nitric oxide configured to be continuously delivered to the subject, and
• (iii) a pulse oximeter configured to measure arterial oxygen saturation in the subject breathing air within the hypobaric chamber,
• wherein the system is configured to adjust the oxygen content of the oxygen-depleted air delivered to the hypobaric chamber based upon the arterial oxygen saturation measured by the pulse oximeter such that oxygen saturation in the subject is maintained within a range of 50% to 90%;
• and
• wherein the hypobaric chamber has an atmospheric pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure at an elevation between 3,000 to 7,000 meters above sea level.