Thrust-quantitatively-controllable and self-neutralizable kaufman ion thruster and use method thereof

A thrust-quantitatively-controllable and self-neutralizable Kaufman ion thruster, comprising a discharge chamber, a central cathode, a gas supply assembly, a steel magnetic assembly, an insulating barrier and a grid system, wherein

• the discharge chamber is open at a tail end, and a front panel is set at a front end;
• the central cathode is coaxially inserted in a center of the front panel;
• the gas supply assembly comprises N electronegative working medium gas supply pipes and N working medium gas supply pipes, where N≥2;
• the N electronegative working medium gas supply pipes and the N working medium gas supply pipes are arranged on the front panel on the periphery of the central cathode in a uniformly staggering manner;
• the steel magnetic assembly is configured such that a ring cusp field is formed in the discharge chamber;
• the insulating barrier comprises a central connecting rod and 2N fins;
• where the central connecting rod is coaxially inserted in the discharge chamber, and the 2N fins are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the central connecting rod, and divide the discharge chamber into 2N discharge areas equally;
• an axial discharge gap is provided between the upstream end of each of the 2N fins and the tail end of the central cathode;
• and all of the tail ends of the 2N fins are extend from the tail end of the discharge chamber;
• the 2N discharge areas are in one-to-one correspondence with the N electronegative working medium gas supply pipes and the N working medium gas supply pipes, where the discharge areas corresponding to the N electronegative working medium gas supply pipes are called negative discharge areas, and the discharge areas corresponding to the N working medium gas supply pipes are called positive discharge areas;
• the N electronegative working medium gas supply pipes are configured to supply an electronegative working medium gas I to the N negative discharge areas, and the N working medium gas supply pipes are configured to supply an electronegative working medium gas II or non-electronegative working medium gas to the N positive discharge areas;
• and the electronegativity of the electronegative working medium gas II is less than that of the electronegative working medium gas I;
• the grid system comprises a bias power supply and 2N fan-shaped grids that are all connected to the bias power supply and arranged at the tail ends of the 2N discharge areas, where the fan-shaped grids corresponding to the negative discharge areas are called negative fan-shaped grids, and the fan-shaped grids corresponding to the positive discharge areas are called positive fan-shaped grids;
• and the bias power supply can apply a positive bias to each of the negative fan-shaped grids, and can also apply a negative bias to each of the positive fan-shaped grids.