Reversible stress-responsive material, preparation method, and use thereof

A method of preparing a reversible stress-responsive material comprising the following steps:

• S1:
• synthesizing N-(1H-2-phenyl-indole-3-methyl)acrylamide (NPI) and N-(1H-indole-3-methyl)acrylamide (NIAM), and using at least one of the NPI and the NIAM as an indolyl structural unit;
• S2:
• co-dissolving a linear polymer raw material, the indolyl structural unit, and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in a first organic solvent, and heating a resulting mixture to 70° C. to 80° C. in a protective gas atmosphere to allow a first reaction for 0.5 h to 1 h to obtain a prepolymer solution, wherein the linear polymer raw material is at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), epoxy resin, polyurethane (PU), polysiloxane, polyaryletherketone (PAEK), polyarylethersulfone (PAES), and polyimide (PI);
• S3:
• adding azobisisoheptanenitrile (ABVN) to the prepolymer solution, allowing a second reaction at 50° C. to 60° C. for 20 h to 25 h, heating a resulting reaction system at 110° C. to 130° C. for 2 h, and drying a reaction product for 12 h to 15 h at 75° C. to 85° C. and 0.05 MPa to 0.1 MPa to obtain an indolyl side chain-containing linear polymer;
• and
• S4:
• dissolving the indolyl side chain-containing linear polymer in a second organic solvent, adjusting a temperature of a resulting solution to 15° C. to 20° C., and adding 4,4′-(4,4′-diphenylmethylene)-bis-(1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione) (MDI-TAD) under stirring;
• and pouring a resulting polymer solution onto a glass plate, and conducting an evaporation in a vacuum environment at 75° C. to 85° C. for 10 h to 15 h.