Hybrid visible and near infrared imaging with an RGB color filter array sensor

A system configured to image a sample of interest, comprising:

• a first illuminant source configured to illuminate the sample of interest, wherein the first illuminant source is configured to emit at a first illuminant wavelength;
• a second illuminant source configured to illuminate the sample of interest, wherein the second illuminant source is configured to emit a second illuminant wavelength;
• and
• an image sensor comprising a first channel and a second channel, wherein the system is configured to:
• measure a first reflected light intensity of the first illuminant wavelength;
• measure a second reflected light intensity of the second illuminant wavelength;
• produce, by mathematical unmixing, a first illuminant wavelength first channel signal from the first channel in response to the first reflected light intensity and a second illuminant wavelength first channel signal from the first channel in response to the second reflected light intensity;
• produce, by mathematical unmixing, a first illuminant wavelength second channel signal from the second channel response to the first reflected light intensity and a second illuminant wavelength second channel signal from the second channel in response to the second reflected light intensity;
• generate one or more first illumination image frames from the first illuminant wavelength first channel signal and the first illuminant wavelength second channel signal, wherein the first illumination image frames indicate hemoglobin oxygen saturation;
• generate one or more second illumination image frames from the second illuminant wavelength first channel signal and the second illuminant wavelength second channel signal, wherein the second illumination image frames indicate hemoglobin oxygen saturation;
• and
• assemble the one or more first illumination image frames and the one or more second illumination image frames to generate at least one multispectral or hyperspectral image of the hemoglobin oxygen saturation of the sample of interest.