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US 12,319,856 B2Granted
Infrared (IR) luminescent material
AssigneeBattle Sight Technologies, LLC
InventorsNicholas R. Ripplinger, Christopher J. Vogt
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present disclosure teaches an article of manufacture using an industrial (or commercial) manufacturing process. The article of manufacture comprises an infrared (IR) luminescent material that emits in the IR wavelength range (e.g., from approximately seven-hundred nanometers (˜700 nm) to approximately one millimeter (˜1 mm)) after being excited by incident wavelengths of between ˜100 nm and ˜750 nm (or visible light). In other words, once the material has been exposed to visible light, the material will continue to emit in the IR wavelength range for a period of time, even when the material is no longer exposed to the visible light.
Claims10
An article of manufacture comprising:
- a filament for three-dimensional (3D) printing;
- and
- infrared (IR) phosphorescent particles that phosphoresce for more than four (4) hours upon being exposed to approximately fifteen (˜15) minutes of visible light, the IR phosphorescent particles being homogeneously distributed in the filament, the IR phosphorescent particles having a particle size that ranges from approximately one-and-a-half nanometers (˜1.5 nm) to approximately six hundred micrometers (˜600 μm), the IR phosphorescent particles resisting degradation in temperatures ranging from approximately −40° F. to approximately 165° F.;
- wherein the IR phosphorescent particles comprise a combination of Zinc (Zn), Antimony (Sb), Gallium (Ga), Tellurium (Te), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Chromium (Cr), and Neodymium (Nd).
1 more element
An article of manufacture comprising:
- a filament for three-dimensional (3D) printing;
- and
- infrared (IR) phosphorescent particles that phosphoresce for more than four (4) hours upon being exposed to approximately fifteen (˜15) minutes of visible light, the IR phosphorescent particles being homogeneously distributed in the filament, the IR phosphorescent particles having a particle size that ranges from approximately one-and-a-half nanometers (˜1.5 nm) to approximately six hundred micrometers (˜600 μm), the IR phosphorescent particles resisting degradation in temperatures ranging from approximately −40° F. to approximately 165° F.;
- wherein the IR phosphorescent particles have a chemical composition selected from the group consisting of:
- Zn0.96SbGaTe0.1O4.15N0.05:3% Cr3+, 1% Nd3+, wherein Zn represents Zinc, Sb represents Antimony, Ga represents Gallium, Te represents Tellurium, O represents Oxygen, N represents Nitrogen, Cr represents Chromium, and Nd represents Neodymium;
- LaAl11O18:
- Mn0.425, Si0.425, wherein La represents Lanthanum, Al represents Aluminum, Mn represents Manganese, and Si represents Silicon;
- GdLiF4:2% Nd, wherein Gd represents Gadolinium, Li represents Lithium, and F represents Fluorine;
- GdxYLi1-xF4:2% Nd, wherein x represents mol fraction and Y represents Yttrium;
- Li(Y1-xGdx)F4:1% Nd;
- GdLiF4:1% Tm, wherein Tm represents Thulium;
- Zn3Ga2Ge4O14:0.02Cr3+, wherein Ge represents Germanium;
- Zn3Ga2Ge4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.1Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.1Sb3+;
- Ca3Ga2Ti4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+, wherein Ca represents Calcium and Ti represents Titanium;
- Zn3Ga1.38Al0.4Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- La3Ga2SiO14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Ca3Ga2Si3O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Ni2+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.02Ni2+, 0.2Sb3+;
- and
- Gd3In2Ga3O12:
- 0.02Cr3+, 0.01Nd2+, 0.2Sb3+.
22 more elements
An article of manufacture comprising:
- a filament for three-dimensional (3D) printing;
- and
- infrared (IR) phosphorescent particles that phosphoresce for more than four (4) hours upon being exposed to approximately fifteen (˜15) minutes of visible light, the IR phosphorescent particles being homogeneously distributed in the filament, the IR phosphorescent particles having a particle size that ranges from approximately one-and-a-half nanometers (˜1.5 nm) to approximately six hundred micrometers (˜600 μm), the IR phosphorescent particles resisting degradation in temperatures ranging from approximately −40° F. to approximately 165° F., the IR phosphorescent particles comprising a dopant selected from the group consisting of:
- Ni2+, wherein Ni represents Nickel;
- Zr4+, wherein Zr represents Zirconium;
- Cr3+, wherein Cr represents Chromium;
- and
- Nd3+, wherein Nd represents Neodymium;
- wherein the IR phosphorescent particles have a chemical composition selected from the group consisting of:
- Zn0.96SbGaTe0.1O4.15N0.05:3% Cr3+, 1% Nd3+, wherein Zn represents Zinc, Sb represents Antimony, Ga represents Gallium, Te represents Tellurium, O represents Oxygen, and N represents Nitrogen;
- GdLiF4:2% Nd, wherein Gd represents Gadolinium, Li represents Lithium, and F represents Fluorine;
- GdxYLi1-xF4:2% Nd, wherein x represents mol fraction and Y represents Yttrium;
- Li(Y1-xGdx)F4:1% Nd;
- Zn3Ga2Ge4O14:0.02Cr3+, wherein Ge represents Germanium;
- Zn3Ga2Ge4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.1Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.1Sb3+;
- Ca3Ga2Ti4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+, wherein Ca represents Calcium and Ti represents Titanium;
- Zn3Ga1.38Al0.4Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- La3Ga2SiO14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Ca3Ga2Si3O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Ni2+, 0.2Sb3+;
- Zn3Ga2Si4O14:0.02Cr3+, 0.02Ni2+, 0.2Sb3+;
- and
- Gd3In2Ga3O12:
- 0.02Cr3+, 0.01Nd2+, 0.2Sb3+.
24 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.