Managing charge allocation and optimizing multi-mode performance of air-source integrated heat pumps

A charge management system for a heat pump including a compressor, an indoor air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, an outdoor air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a water-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, wherein a delivery port of the compressor is fluidly coupled to a refrigerant inlet port of the water-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, the charge management system comprising:

• a first four-way reversing valve fluidly coupled between a refrigerant outlet port of the water-to-refrigerant heat exchanger and an intake port of the compressor;
• a first one-way check valve fluidly coupled to the first four-way reversing valve;
• a second four-way reversing valve fluidly coupled to the indoor air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, the outdoor air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, the first one-way check valve, and the intake port of the compressor;
• a third four-way reversing valve fluidly coupled to the delivery port of the compressor, the second four-way reversing valve, and the first one-way check valve, and the intake port of the compressor;
• a second one-way check valve fluidly coupled to the first four-way reversing valve;
• a first expansion valve fluidly coupled in line with the outdoor air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger;
• a second expansion valve fluidly coupled in line with the indoor air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger;
• and
• controller circuitry communicatively coupled with the first, second, and third four-way reversing valves and the first and second expansion valves to selectively configure the first, second, and third four-way reversing valves and the first and second expansion valves to cause the heat pump to provide a plurality of functional modes including dedicated space cooling, dedicated space heating, dedicated water heating, combined space cooling and water heating, and combined space heating and water heating.