Recovering heavy hydrocarbons from plastic materials and geoformation

Abstract

There is symmetry of cause and effect in nature; the thermal stabilities of PVC polymers and geoformation are pronounced examples. Methods are herein provided to make heat stabilizing additives for such polymers and geoformation. In one forward mode, an additive is made by generating a first acidic aqueous solution of an amine solvent and a trivalent cation within the first pKa of the latter; adding a divalent cation to the first acidic aqueous solution to form a second aqueous solution by adsorbing the divalent cation; and titrating the second aqueous solution with a strong base or the amine solvent to precipitate the additive. In another backward mode, an additive is made by generating a first basic aqueous solution by dissolving a trivalent cation in an amine solvent; and adding a divalent cation to the first basic aqueous solution to consume the hydroxide anions of the amine solvent, thereby precipitating the additive.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.