System and method for providing location-based positioning and navigation in GPS-denied environments

A system for providing location-based positioning and navigation in GPS-denied environments, the system comprising:

• a reflective printed circuit board (PCB)-based subsystem, having integrated traces, configured to perform Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) measurements of impedance levels on said traces, thereby measuring reflection waveforms arising from impedance variations to generate reflection points for indoor location tracking;
• a positioning and communication module to receive reflection data associated with the generated reflection points for determining environmental conditions and application requirements, and operate in at least one of:
• Very Low Frequency (VLF) and Ultra-Wideband (UWB) modes that are selected based on the environmental conditions and application requirements as determined from the reflection data;
• a data fusion module configured to combine said reflection waveforms with sensor data to improve accuracy below a defined error threshold;
• and
• a power management module switches from continuous to intermittent pulses based on reflectivity thresholds, thereby conserving energy while maintaining navigational integrity.