Combustion chamber of a gas turbine, gas turbine and method for operating the same

A combustion chamber of a gas turbine, for combusting a fuel in the presence of combustion air, the combustion chamber being configured as a dual fuel combustion chamber, comprising:

• a main swirl body;
• an atomization apparatus arranged entirely upstream of the main swirl body having an atomization lance having an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that is coaxially arranged with respect to the outer cylinder that comprises an atomization nozzle, the atomization nozzle comprising a swirl chamber and, downstream of the swirl chamber, a nozzle orifice;
• a prechamber downstream of the main swirl body, wherein the prechamber diameter is smaller than a main swirl body diameter;
• a radial swirl generator arranged in the inner cylinder of the atomization lance;
• and an axial swirl generator arranged in the inner cylinder of the atomization lance upstream of the atomization nozzle and the radial swirl generator,
• wherein the combustion chamber is configured such that:
• in a gas fuel operating mode the combustion chamber is supplied with a mixture of gaseous fuel and the combustion air via the main swirl body, and
• in a liquid fuel operating mode the combustion chamber is supplied with liquid fuel via the atomization apparatus and supplied with the combustion air via the main swirl body,
• wherein the atomization nozzle is arranged centrally with respect to a longitudinal center axis of the combustion chamber, or arranged on a longitudinal center axis of the prechamber,
• wherein the swirl chamber is configured to be supplied with the liquid fuel via the radial swirl generator and the axial swirl generator,
• wherein the atomization apparatus comprises multiple atomization nozzles that are arranged in a decentralized manner with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the combustion chamber, or arranged in a decentralized manner with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the prechamber, wherein the decentralized multiple atomization nozzles are inactive during igniting and starting up, and to be switched on once a no-load rotational speed has been reached,
• wherein both the central atomization lance and the decentralized multiple atomization nozzles are, in the liquid fuel operating mode, utilized throughout an operating range between no load and full load to supply the liquid fuel to the combustion chamber,
• wherein with increasing load starting from the no load, the decentralized multiple atomization nozzles introduce the liquid fuel into the combustion chamber in a continuously increasing quantity,
• wherein with the increasing load starting from the no load, the central atomization lance introduces the liquid fuel into the combustion chamber initially at a constant level and then at a level that decreases, but without being deactivated even at the full load,
• wherein the central atomization lance comprises a hood-like portion that has a first segment that extends axially from the outer cylinder of the central atomization lance, a second segment that extends radially inward, and an arcuate segment between the first and second segments,
• wherein:
• the hood like portion defines a chamber arranged downstream of the nozzle orifice of the atomization nozzle of the central atomization lance and upstream of an outlet opening of the central atomization lance,
• the outlet opening is defined by the second segment of the hood, and
• a second radial swirl generator is arranged in the outer cylinder of the atomization lance upstream of the atomization nozzle that supplies the chamber with the combustion air, so as to bypass the main swirl body via a bypass,
• wherein the chamber is supplied with the liquid fuel from the swirl chamber via the nozzle orifice, and
• wherein the second radial swirl generator supplies the chamber with the combustion air at full load so as to stabilize the spray cone by the introduction of the combustion air into the chamber by the second radial swirl generator, and
• wherein the outlet opening of the central atomization lance and respective outlets of the decentralized multiple atomization nozzles are arranged on a same plane at an upstream end of the combustion chamber and radially within the main swirl body, and
• wherein an upstream end of the main swirl body is arranged on the same plane and the downstream end of the main swirl body is entirely upstream end of the prechamber.