# US 12,295,090 B2 · System and method for plasma discharge in liquid > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,295,090 B2 - Document ID: US12295090B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/672,858 - Filed: 2022-02-16 - Published: 2022-06-02 - Granted: 2025-05-06 - Earliest claimed: 2014-09-15 - Assignees: Onvector LLC - Applicants: Onvector LLC - Inventors: Jun Kang; Daniel J. Cho; HyoungSup Kim; Russel Ryall McAvoy - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12295090B2 ## CPC - H05H 1/3468: {Vortex generators} - H05H 1/247: {using discharges in liquid media} - H05H 1/42: with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder or liquid {(arc stabilising or constricting arrangements H05H1/3405; coaxial protecting fluids H05H1/341)} - H05H: PLASMA TECHNIQUE (apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays H05G2/00); PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS ## Abstract A system for generating a plasma discharge in liquid utilizes first and second electrodes spaced apart in an interior space of a vessel holding the liquid. A channel can be defined in certain embodiments at least partially by at least one of the first and second electrodes, and an inlet in fluid communication with the interior space is configured to generate a vortical fluid flow in the vessel. A method for generating a plasma discharge in liquid is also provided. A high voltage electrode for generating a plasma discharge in liquid that includes a central solid cylindrical rod is also provided. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for generating a plasma discharge in liquid, the system comprising: a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet in fluid communication with an interior reactor space of a cylindrical liquid vessel having a central axis, the inlet and outlet both disposed near a top side of the liquid vessel and configured to generate a vortex liquid flow in the interior space of the liquid vessel; and a high voltage electrode and a ground electrode spaced apart, the high voltage electrode disposed coaxially with the central axis of the cylindrical liquid vessel at a bottom side of the liquid vessel, and including a central solid cylindrical rod inserted at least partially into and coaxial with a cylindrically-symmetric bell-shaped electrode housing, the bell-shaped electrode housing including a gas channel disposed tangentially to the central solid rod along an interior wall of the bell-shaped electrode housing for gas injection into an interior electrode housing space of the bell-shaped electrode housing, the gas channel configured to generate a vortex gas flow within the interior electrode housing space around the central solid cylindrical rod. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the liquid inlet and outlet, and gas channel are configured such that the vortex liquid flow and the vortex gas flow rotate in the same direction. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the liquid inlet and outlet, and gas channel are configured such that the vortex liquid flow and the vortex gas flow rotate in opposite directions. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the bell-shaped electrode housing is formed of an insulator material. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the central solid cylindrical rod is formed of one of stainless steel, titanium, tungsten, copper, copper tungsten, silver, titanium oxide (TiOx), iron, and carbon. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein an end of the central solid cylindrical rod proximal to the ground electrode is disposed above a top side of the bell-shaped electrode housing. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, further including a means for slidably adjusting a distance between the end of the central solid cylindrical rod and the ground electrode. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the ground electrode is disposed at the top side of the liquid vessel. ### Claim 9 A high voltage electrode for generating a plasma discharge in liquid, the electrode comprising a central solid cylindrical rod inserted at least partially into and coaxial with a cylindrically-symmetric bell-shaped electrode housing, the bell-shaped electrode housing including a gas channel disposed tangentially to the central solid cylindrical rod along an interior wall of the bell-shaped electrode housing for gas injection into an interior electrode housing space of the bell-shaped electrode housing, the gas channel configured to generate a vortex gas flow within the interior electrode housing space around the central solid rod. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The electrode of claim 9, wherein the bell-shaped electrode housing is formed of an insulator material. ### Claim 11 A high voltage electrode for generating a plasma discharge in liquid, the electrode comprising a central solid cylindrical rod inserted at least partially into and coaxial with a cylindrically-symmetric electrode housing, the electrode housing including a gas channel disposed tangentially to the central solid cylindrical rod along an interior wall of the electrode housing for gas injection into an interior electrode housing space of the electrode housing, the gas channel configured to generate a vortex gas flow within the interior electrode housing space around the central solid rod; wherein the electrode housing is one of a divergent-cone-shaped electrode housing and an hourglass-shaped electrode housing. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The electrode of claim 9, wherein the central solid cylindrical rod is formed of one of stainless steel, titanium, tungsten, copper, copper tungsten, silver, titanium oxide (TiOx), iron, and carbon. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The electrode of claim 11, wherein the electrode housing is formed of an insulator material. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The electrode of claim 11, wherein the central solid cylindrical rod is formed of one of stainless steel, titanium, tungsten, copper, copper tungsten, silver, titanium oxide (TiOx), iron, and carbon.