Black phosphorus nanosheet, preparation method therefor, and application thereof

A method of preparing a black phosphorous nanosheet, the method comprising:

• preparing an alkaline aqueous electrolyte by:
• 1) preparing 0.1˜2 mol/L of a sulfate solution A and 0.1˜2 mol/L of a sulfate solution B, adding an alkaline solution to the sulfate solution B to adjust the pH value of sulfate solution B to 8˜14, and mixing evenly to obtain an alkaline aqueous electrolyte C, and
• 2) preparing an N-N dimethylformamide solution in which an epoxy resin is dissolved;
• performing an electrochemical reaction in a constant temperature environment of 0˜10° C., with a black phosphorus sheet as an anode, an inert electrode as a cathode, and the sulfate solution A as an electrolyte, and a surface current density of 200˜500 mA/dm2 under a DC voltage of 2.5˜3.5V for 1˜3 h;
• transferring the anode and the cathode to the alkaline aqueous electrolyte C, and adding the N-N dimethylformamide solution with dissolved epoxy resin to the alkaline aqueous electrolyte C;
• and
• applying a voltage of 5˜10V between the anode and the cathode, wherein the distance between electrodes remains unchanged, the area current density is controlled at 600˜900 mA/dm2, and precipitating black phosphorus for the black phosphorous nanosheet at the bottom of the alkaline aqueous electrolyte C for 0.5˜1.5 h.