Apparatus and method of non-invasively determining deep tissue temperature using microwave radiometry

An apparatus for measuring a target tissue temperature comprising:

• a sensor antenna including an outside and a contact side;
• a sensor antenna measurement aperture disposed on the contact side, the sensor antenna measurement aperture configured to generate a first signal;
• a skin temperature sensor disposed on the contact side, the skin temperature sensor configured to generate a second signal;
• and
• a radiometer, configured to receive the first signal and the second signal, in electrical communication with the sensor antenna, the sensor antenna measurement aperture, and the skin temperature sensor, wherein the radiometer comprises at least one circulator, a radiofrequency (RF) board, and a signal processing board,
• wherein the RF board comprises a low noise amplifier, an RF high pass filter, an RF low pass filter, an oscillator, a frequency mixer, an intermediate frequency (IF) low pass filter, an IF high pass filter, at least one IF band pass filter and at least one intermediate frequency amplifier, and an IF detector.